DNA
RNA
Protein Synthesis
Mutations and Diagram
Eeeeeek
100
If guanine makes up 42 percent of a DNA strand, how much will Adenine make up?
G - 42% A - 8%
C - 42% T - 8%
100
What is the process called turning the genetic information stored in DNA into a genetic code in RNA
Transcription
100
The process of translation occurs in what part of the cell?
Cytoplasm
100
An error in the coding of DNA is called a?
A Mutation
100
Name the molecule made at the end of translation, that has an effect on almost all aspects of the organism life?
A Protein/polypeptide chain
200
Complete the process of DNA replication and make the complementary for the following strand: GTA CAC TGA
CAT GTG ACT
200
Double Points (if you get both correct): What are the 3 types of RNA:
List them in the correct order that they are used:
mRNA, rRNA, tRNA
200
How many nitrogen bases will make up 3 amino acids?
9 nitrogen bases (a codon is 3 nitrogen bases) (1 codon = 1 amino acid)
200
True or False: All mutations cause a change in the proteins being made?
False (silent substitution)
200
What type of cell is made when a mutation that causes a protein that forces a cell to stop at a checkpoint before replicating STOPS working, causing uncontrolled division is called?
A cancer cell or tumor
300
After the process of DNA replication, when you have 2 complete strands of DNA, one strand is the original and the other is new. This is called what kind of model:
Semi-conservative model
300
Transcribe the following strand: GAT ACA TGC
CUA UGU ACG
300
Complete the process of translation using a codon chart: AUG, GAA, UGG, UGA
MET, GLU, TRP, Stop
300
What process is occuring at process A?
Transcription
300
List the 3 parts of a DNA molecule:
Deoxyribose (sugar), Phosphate, Nitrogen base
400
In what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
S phase of interphase
400
What process in protein synthesis wouldn't occur if the following molecule didn't function appropriately?
Translation (can't build an amino acid chain)
400
A polypeptide chain is another name for what macromolecule?
A protein
400
True or False: DNA replication creates cells that DON'T have the same genetic information as a new somatic cell
False
400
True or False: All living organisms (plants and animals) contain the same four nitrogen bases?
True (A,C,T,G)
500
The enzyme that "unzips" the DNA strand is known as?
DNA helicase
500
Which type of RNA brings the genetic code to the ribosomes in a cell?
mRNA
500
The enzyme used to proofread the DNA strand to check for any mistakes is known as?
DNA polymerase
500
In what type of cell would a mutation have to occur in for the mutation to be passed on to the offspring?
Sex Cell, gametes, sperm or egg of the parent
500
Transcribe and write the anticodon for the following strand:
CAA, TTG
Original: CAA, TTG
Transcribe: GUU, AAC
Anticodon: CAA, UUG