DNA Structure
DNA has this shape
What is a Double Helix?
This is the organelle where DNA Replication occurs.
What is the Nucleus?
The DNA Sequence
A - G - A - C - A - G - G - G - T - A - T - C
Has this many Codons
What is four?
These are the four bases found in RNA.
This is the kind of mutation undergone by this sample of DNA
Original (A - G - T - A - A - C - T - G - G)
Mutated (A - G - C - A - A - C - T - G - G)
What is a substitution mutation?
The base pair rule tells us how bases combine together in DNA. Describe that rule.
What is
Adenine pairs with Thymine
Cytosine pairs with Guanine?
This is the complementary DNA strand to the strand:
A - T - G - C - C - A - G - A - T - C - T - A
What is
T - A - C - G - G - T - C - T - A - G - A - T ?
This is the process of "Reading" DNA and "Writing RNA"
(Also known as RNA Synthesis)
What is Transcription?
These are the three types of RNA
What are rRNA, mRNA, and tRNA
(Ribosomal, Messenger, and Transfer)
This type of mutation alters the number or structure of entire chromosomes.
What is a Chromosomal Mutation?
A Nucleotide has these three parts in it.
What is a Base, Phosphate and Deoxyribose?
This enzyme is responsible for "reading" DNA and "Writing" new copies of the DNA during DNA Replication.
What is DNA Polymerase?
What is Translation?
An RNA nucleotide is made up of these parts
What are Ribose, Phosphate, and Base?
The following is a this (beneficial, Harmful, Neutral) mutation:
Original: A - U - C
Mutation: A - U - A
What is a Neutral Mutation?
If a sample of DNA has 22% Adenine, it will have this much Cytosine.
What is 28% Cytosine?
This enzyme is responsible for "unzipping" DNA strands in order to prepare for DNA Replication.
What is Helicase?
The RNA strand
G - A - A - C - G - U - U - A - C - U - G - A
Codes for this sequence of Amino Acids
What is Glutamic Acid, Arginine, Tyrosine, and STOP?
This is the complimentary RNA strand for the DNA strand:
A - G - T - C - A - C - G - A - T - T - T - T
What is:
U - C - A - G - U - G - C - U - A - A - A - A
This is the kind of mutation undergone by this sample of DNA
Original (A - G - T - A - A - C - T - G - G)
Mutated (A - G - T - C - A - A - C - T - G - G)
What is a frameshift (insertion) mutation.
Who was Rosalind Franklin?
This means that each half of a replicated strand of DNA is made of half new nucleotides and half old nucleotides.
What is Semiconservative?
This is the organelle where proteins are made
What is a Ribosome?
These are the three Stop codons (as expressed by mRNA).
What are U - A - A, U - A - G, U - G - A ?
This type of mutation typically has the least impact on an organism.
What is a substitution mutation
(Silent Substitutions have no effect)