RNA Replication
What are the complementary base pairs in RNA?
A--> U
T--> A
G--> C
C--> G
Which strand uses Uracil (U)?
RNA
Which RNA contains the instructions that a gene carries?
mRNA
What is the start codon?
AUG-Methionine
How do cells with the same DNA have different traits?
Genetic Regulation and Expression
Which enzyme unzips/separates the DNA strand prior to Replication?
Helicase
What is it called when DNA is copied into complementary RNA strand?
Transcription
Where does translation occur?
What does UGA code for?
STOP
How do transcription factors act to control gene expression?
They bind to DNA strands allowing them to be transcribed
Which enzyme adds free nucleotides to the new RNA strand?
RNA Polymerase
What is the template strand for mRNA?
DNA strand
Creating amino acids from mRNA codons is called___
Translation
What are the amino acids coded by AUGAUC
Methionine-Isoleucine
If a cell had no ribosomes, what would happen?
Protein Synthesis and Genetic Regulation would not be able to occur.
If Guanine were to take up 30% of a DNA strand, how much do each of the other nitrogenous bases take up?
G-30%
C-30%
T-20%
A-20%
What must happen before transcription can occur?
RNA Polymerase must bind to the promotor
What is the first step of translating an RNA sequence into amino acids?
Split the letters into "3-letter words"
What are the steps to take when going from DNA to protein?
DNA to mRNA to amino acids to proteins
What is it called when a DNA strand or an RNA complement gets mixed up?
Mutation
Which part of the DNA molecule is used for RNA and Protein Synthesis?
DNA Nucleotide
What is the role of the anticodon in translation?
The anticodon binds to the mRNA to ensure tRNA takes the amino acids to the correct spot.
What is the job of RNA in Translation and Protein Synthesis?
rRNA assembles the proteins on the ribosome
mRNA carries the genetic information to the cytoplasm
tRNA carry the amino acids to the growing polypeptide
How does the structure of tRNA help perform it's function?
One side carries the amino acids, the other binds to the anticodon to ensure the codon matches on the mRNA.
What is true about DNA in different cells within the human body?
All cells have the same DNA, but cells express genes differently.