DNA/RNA
Review
Protein Synthesis
Mutations
Miscellaneous
100
What is the shape of DNA? What is the shape of RNA?
Double-stranded, double-helix/ Single-stranded
100
These types of cells are simple and only include DNA, ribosomes, cell membrane, and cytoplasm.
What is prokaryotic?
100
Translation of RNA to protein happens here
What is a Ribosome?
100
Normal DNA: ATA-GGG-CCC-CAC Mutated DNA:ATA-GGC-CCC-AC What type of mutation is this?
Deletion
100
These are the building blocks of proteins.
What are amino acids?
200
The sequence of nucleotide bases on mRNA that would complement the following bases on DNA: A T T - C G C - A G T
What is U A A - G C G - U C A
200
Enzymes carry out biological reactions by building up or breaking down these:
What are substrates?
200
Transcription occurs in this part of the cell.
What is Nucleus
200
The type of mutation that occurs when one base is replaced by another.
What is a substitution?
200
DNA and RNA are both this type of biomolecule.
What is nucleic acid?
300
TTT-CGC-ATC --> What is the complementary strand?
AAA-GCG-TAG
300
These are tiny stacked structures found in chloroplasts and they are the specific location for photosynthesis.
What are thylakoid membranes?
300
This molecule copies DNA in the nucleus, and then travels to the ribosome to code to produce a protein.
What is mRNA
300
Overexposure to this radiation that comes from the sun can lead to mutations, such as skin cancer.
What is UV radiation?
300
This is the central dogma of biology.
What is DNA-> RNA-> Proteins
400
The three molecules that make up the DNA nucleotide
What are deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group and nitrogen base?
400
This is how many cells are produced during meiosis.
What are four gametes?
400
DNA: AAA-ATC-GGC. What is the mRNA complement?
mRNA: UUU-UAG-CCG
400
Mutations can only passed on to offspring if they cells involved are these.
What are gametes?
400
Name two things DNA and RNA have in common:
Both are nucleic acids. Both have nitrogen bases A, C, G Both are involved in transcription
500
Why must the bonds between DNA strands be weak hydrogen bonds, and not stronger covalent bonds?
To allow DNA to unzip easily
500
This form of cell transport requires no energy and involves any small molecule moving from a high to low concentration across the cell membrane.
What is simple diffusion?
500
Groups of three bases on a mRNA molecule
What is a codon
500
The type of mutation that happens when a base is either deleted or inserted, causing a change in the reading of codons and amino acids.
What is a frameshift?
500
A disease that results in a change in the shape of hemoglobin in red blood cells due to a point mutation.
What is sickle-cell anemia?
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