mRNA
it is single stranded
What is a mutation?
A change in the genetic code.
What is the shape of DNA?
Double helix
Transcription occurs in the _____, while translation occurs in a _____.
Nucleus, Ribosome
3
Uracil
What type of mutation results in the creation of the same amino acids?
Silent Mutation
Identify the base pairs of DNA
Adenine - Thymine (A-T)
Guanine - Cytosine (G-C)
What process changes DNA into RNA
Transcription
What is the START codon?
AUG
What is the name of the sugar that provides the backbone for mRNA?
Ribose
Name a non-chemical factor that can cause a mutation.
Errors during DNA replication
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
What process creates proteins from the RNA code?
Translation
What is the building block (monomer) of a protein?
Amino Acid
Where does mRNA go after leaving the nucleus?
ribosome
Besides natural errors during DNA replication, what else can cause a mutation?
Chemicals (Pesticide, tobacco smoke)
Physical (uv rays, x-rays)
During DNA replication, what enzyme breaks (unzips) the hydrogen bonds holding the nucleotides together?
Helicase
What is the correct amino acid sequence for the following RNA strand?
AUG GGG UAU GCA
Met-Gly-Tyr-Ala
In DNA, nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
Hydrogen Bond
Transcribe the following DNA into RNA:
CAT CGA TTA GCC
GUA GCU AAU CGG
What type of mutation is this:
ORIGINAL DNA: CCG AAC TAC GCT
NEW DNA: CCA ACT ACG CT
Deletion Mutation
Replicate the following strand of DNA.
AATTGCGC
Transcribe, then translate the following DNA sequence.
ATG CTA CGA
UAC GAU GCU
Tyr-Asp-Ala
What is the order for protein synthesis (the central dogma)?
Transcription --> Translation --> Protein
DNA --> RNA --> Protein