DNA
the structure of DNA
What is double helix
What enzyme is used to "unzip" the DNA molecule in DNA replication
What is DNA Helicase
How many strands of DNA are needed to make one strand of RNA?
One strand of DNA (RNA is single stranded)
A group of 3 three bases on mRNA that determine a specific amino acid is called a ________
What is a "codon?"
the type of RNA that transfers the appropriate amino acid to the mRNA
What is tRNA?
This type of mutation drastically changes an amino acid sequence
Frameshift mutation
The bond that connects nitrogenous bases in DNA in the rungs of the ladder
What are hydrogen bonds?
Which strand is built in the same direction as DNA Helicase?
What is the leading strand?
DAILY DOUBLE
What is the difference between deoxyribose and ribose?
What is deoxyribose has less oxygen than ribose?
The process in which DNA is used to make an mRNA strand.
What is Transcription?
Transcription and Translation will stop when a ________ is encountered
What is a "Stop Codon."
The reason DNA goes through DNA replication.
What is in order to ensure all new cells have a complete copy of DNA?
Adenine pairs with ___________
Guanine pairs with ____________
What is Thymine?
What is Cytosine?
What strand is built in the opposite direction of DNA Helicase?
What is the lagging strand
What is another name for a chain of amino acids (the word _____ means many)
Polypeptide
Where in the cell does mRNA get translated into a chain of amino acids (proteins)
What is the cytoplasm or ribosomes?
The mRNA codon of GAU would transfer this amino acid...
Use your codon chart
What is "Asparatic Acid?"
Translate the following mRNA strand into a chain of amino acids (a polypeptide)
AUG - CCG - UAG
Met - Pro - Stop
The 4 nitrogenous bases of a DNA molecule include...
What is Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine
What enzyme is used to build the new strands of DNA in DNA Replication
What is DNA polymerase
The 4 nitrogenous bases of an RNA molecule include....
What is Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Uracil
Transcribe the following DNA strand into RNA
CAT-GTA-CCG-TAT
What is RNA: GUA-CAU-GGC-AUA
the type of RNA that carries the message from the nucleus to the ribosome
What is mRNA?
The amino acid, AUG, is often referred to as this
What is the "Start codon?"
DNA is like a "______" for making an organism
What is a "map"
The lagging strand is made in fragments called _________
What are Okazaki Fragments
What would the complementary anti-codons be for this strand of mRNA?
AUG-CUA-CCG
WHAT IS UAC-GAU-GGC?
What is the SPECIFIC amino acid that allows for transcription to begin.
What is Methionine?
What is ACA?
Translate the following mRNA into a chain of amino acids (a polypeptide)
UCG - AUG - GCU - AGC
Ser - Met - Ala - Ser
deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base makes up a...
What is nucleotide?
What is put down on the DNA template strands to initiate DNA replication
What is an RNA Primer
The enzyme that uses DNA as a template to make mRNA
What is RNA Polymerase?
Where in the cell does transcription (DNA ---> RNA) take place?
What is the "nucleus?"
The bonds that form between amino acids are
What are peptide bonds?
What is semiconservative
When DNA makes a duplicate, or copy of itself, for Mitosis is known as....
What is Replication?
What enzyme is used to "glue" or "link" the Okazaki fragments together on the lagging strand?
What is Ligase
List 3 differences between a DNA & RNA molecule
DNA is double stranded; RNA is single
N. Bases for DNA: A, C, G, T; RNA: A, U, C, G
DNA has a deoxyribose sugar; RNA: ribose sugar
DNA has the genetic code; RNA uses DNA to carry the message.
DNA can't leave the nucleus; RNA has to leave the nucleus
The number of amino acids Eukaryotes possess in their DNA
What is "20 amino acids?"
The mRNA codon, UCC, would drop off which amino acid to the growing chain
What is Serine?
This type of mutation causes change in one or a few nucleotides in a gene
What is a point mutation?