DNA
the structure of DNA
What is double helix
Long chains of amino acids fold up to make this important structure.
What is a "Protein?"
The name of the strand that is created from the DNA template for protein synthesis.
What is the mRNA?
A group of 3 three bases on mRNA that determine a specific amino acid is called a ________
What is a "codon?"
The process of using the DNA genetic code to make a protein is called this.
What is protein synthesis?
The names of Mr Pro's kittens.
What are Kit and Dottie?
A deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base make up this.
What is nucleotide?
Organized units of DNA that contain genes that code for traits and proteins... (hint: you have 23 pairs of these)
What are chromosomes?
The enzyme that "unzips" DNA to make a template for mRNA
What is helicase?
The site where RNA is created from the DNA sequence that will code for a specific trait.
What is the "nucleus?"
The site of protein synthesis occurs at this important organelle ___________
What is the ribosome?
Translation occurs in the...
Transcription occurs in the....
What is the Ribosome?
What is the Nucleus?
The 4 nitrogenous bases of a DNA molecule include...
What are Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine?
Changes in the nucleotide sequence of either DNA or RNA, can either be harmful, neutral, or helpful...
What are Mutations?
The 4 nitrogenous bases of an RNA molecule include....
What are Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Uracil
DNA: CAT-GTA-CCG-TAT. What is the complementary RNA strand from the DNA sequence?
What is RNA: GUA-CAU-GGC-AUA
The type of RNA that transfers the appropriate amino acid to the growing polypeptide chain.
What is tRNA?
The central Dogma states that information flows in one direction, which is as followed: ________________________
What is the DNA --> RNA --> Protein?
The bonds that connect nitrogenous bases in DNA in the rungs of the ladder are of this type.
What are hydrogen bonds?
The nucleic acid that serves as a blueprint of life, and contains the instructions for making an organism
What is DNA?
The type of RNA that builds the structure where protein synthesis takes place...
What is rRNA?
The process in which DNA is used to make an mRNA strand.
What is Transcription?
A ribosome will continue to create a protein until it encounters this.
What is a stop codon?
All three types of RNA work together during this process.
What is translation?
Adenine pairs with ___________
Guanine pairs with ____________
What is Thymine?
What is Cytosine?
Segments of DNA that code for proteins using the genetic code
What are genes?
The sugar found in RNA
What is ribose?
The part of protein synthesis in which the bases of mRNA are interpreted into an amino acid sequence.
What is translation?
This type of RNA carries the genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosome
What is mRNA?
This mutation was the cause of ADA-SCID in our patient Lucy.
What is a Nonsense Mutation (Stop Codon appearing too soon)?
A DNA Molecule has the bases, AGC-TAC-GCT-ACT. WHAT is the complementary DNA molecule that will form
WHAT is TCG-ATG-CGA-TGA.
3 nitrogen bases that are complementary to the mRNA codons during translation.
What is the anticodon.
An mRNA strand is AUG-CUA-CCG. These are the resulting tRNA molecules:
WHAT are UAC-GAU-GGC?
This is the SPECIFIC amino acid OR codon that allows for translation to begin.
What is methionine or AUG?
DNA: CTA
mRNA:
tRNA:
Amino Acid:
Use your codon chart or codon wheel
What is..
mRNA: GAU
tRNA: CUA
Amino Acid: Aspartic acid
Deleting or Inserting a base into a DNA sequence will cause this.
What is a Frameshift Mutation?
When DNA makes a duplicate, or copy of itself, for Mitosis is known as....Replication, Transcription, or Translation
What is Replication?
The enzyme that adds the complementary bases to form the mRNA strand
What is RNA polymerase?
List 3 differences between a DNA & RNA molecule
DNA is double stranded; RNA is single
Bases for DNA: A, C, G, T; RNA: A, U, C, G
DNA has a deoxyribose sugar; RNA: ribose sugar
DNA has the genetic code; RNA uses DNA to carry the message.
DNA can't leave the nucleus; RNA has to leave the nucleus
Ribosomes read the mRNA strand _____ codon at a time. Each codon is made of ______ nitrogen bases.
What are "1" and "3"?
Provide the missing information
DNA:
mRNA:
tRNA: UAG
Amino acid:
Use your codon chart!
DNA: TAG
mRNA: AUC
Amino Acid: Isoleucine
A mutation that has no effect (neutral) on the polypeptide.
What is a Silent Mutation?