DNA
the structure of DNA
What is double helix
Long chains of amino acids fold up to make this important structure.
What is a "Protein?"
The name of the strand that is created from the DNA template for protein synthesis.
What is the mRNA?
A group of 3 three bases on mRNA that determine a specific amino acid is called a ________
What is a "codon?"
THE process of using the DNA genetic code to make a protein (as easy as it sounds)
What is "Protein Synthesis."
A mutation that only affects one gene (as easy as it sounds)
What is a gene mutation?
deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base makes up a...
What is nucleotide?
Organized units of DNA that contain genes that code for traits and proteins... (hint: you have 23 pairs of these)
What is "Chromosome"
mRNA is made from these monomers
What are nucleotides?
The site where mRNA is created from the DNA sequence that will code for a specific trait.
What is the "nucleus?"
The site of protein synthesis occurs at this important functional organelle ___________
What is " the ribosome?"
Translation occurs at a ribosome in the ...
What is the Cytoplasm?
The 4 nitrogenous bases of a DNA molecule include...
What is Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine
Changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA
What are Mutations?
The 4 nitrogenous bases of an RNA molecule include....
What is Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Uracil
DNA: CAT What is the complementary mRNA codon
What is GUA
The type of RNA that transfers the appropriate amino acid
What is tRNA?
The type of mutation where one nucleotide is changed
What is a point mutation?
The bond that connects nitrogenous bases in DNA in the rungs of the ladder
What are hydrogen bonds?
The nucleic acid that serves as a blueprint of life, and contains the instructions for making an organism
What is DNA?
The type of RNA that is found in ribosomes
What is rRNA?
The process in which DNA is used to make an mRNA strand.
What is Transcription?
A ribosome will continue to create a protein until it encounters a......
What is a "Stop Codon."
Type of mutation where multiple genes can be affected.
What is a chromosomal mutation?
Guanine always pairs with ____________
What is Cytosine?
Individual segments of DNA that code for proteins using the genetic code
What are "Genes"?
What is a "Ribose."
The secondary process of Protein synthesis in which mRNA is used to produce proteins.
What is Translation?
the type of RNA that carries the message from the nucleus to the ribosome
What is mRNA?
A specific type of mutation where a piece of another chromosome gets attached
What is a translocation?
A DNA Molecule has the bases, AGC-TAC-GCT. WHAT is the complementary DNA molecule that will form
WHAT is TCG-ATG-CGA?
3 nitrogen bases that are complimentary to the mRNA codons during translation.
What is the "anticodon."
An RNA strand is AUG-CUA-CCG. What would be the resulting tRNA anticodons:
WHAT IS UAC-GAU-GGC?
What is the SPECIFIC amino acid OR codon that allows for translation to begin.
What is "Methionine or AUG"?
The circular "table" used to decode mRNA
What is the genetic code?
Examine the following mutation
ACGGGCAAACGATTG -->
ACGGGCAACGATTG
This mutation is an example of :
What is a frameshift (deletion) mutation?
The process by which DNA makes a duplicate, or copy of itself
What is Replication?
The enzyme that binds to the DNA strands and adds the complementary bases to form the mRNA strand
What is RNA polymerase?
List 3 structural differences between a DNA molecule & an RNA molecule
DNA is double-stranded; RNA is single-strand
Bases for: DNA; : A, C, G, T;
RNA; A, U, C, G
DNA has a deoxyribose sugar; RNA: ribose sugar
Ribosomes read the mRNA strand _____ codon at a time. Each codon is made of ______ nitrogen bases.
What is "1 and 3"?
Provide the missing information
mRNA:
tRNA: UAG
mRNA: AUC
How is it possible for a point mutation of a gene to not cause change to the protein it codes for?
What is "in the genetic code there are sometimes more than one codon for the same amino acid."?