DNA Replication occurs during this part of the cell cycle.
What is synthesis (Interphase)?
100
The structure that holds sister chromatids together.
What is the centromere?
100
This important event happens every interphase, except an interphase between Meiosis I and Meiosis II.
What is DNA Replication (or DNA synthesis)?
100
This process is important mainly for producing gametes.
What is meiosis?
200
The four nitrogenous bases in DNA.
What is Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine?
200
These two types of organisms differ in how many replication bubbles there are during DNA replication. Specify which type has only one replication bubble and which has multiple.
What is prokaryotes have one replication bubble, while eukaryotes have many?
200
The loosely bundled form of DNA in Interphase.
What is chromatin?
200
See slide show. This is a visual clue.
What is Prophase I?
200
Write the complimentary strand of DNA. Be sure to include 3' and 5' ends, sugars and phosphates. (Visual Clue)
What is (see slide)
300
A nucleotide has three different components, but one of them has four variations. Therefore these are the 6 total components to DNA.
What is Sugar (Deoxyribose), Phosphate, Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine and Guanine?
300
This enzyme unzips the double helix to expose the single strands that need to be duplicated.
What is DNA Helicase?
300
These identical structures are pulled apart during Anaphase in Mitosis and Anaphase II in Meiosis.
What is sister chromatids?
300
See slide show. This is a visual clue.
What is Anaphase I?
300
Homologous chromosomes exchange DNA during this event.
What is crossing over?
400
Chargaff showed percentages of Adenine were close to those in Thymine. This was Chargaff's conclusion about DNA bases
What is Adenine and Thymine pair together?
400
Because nucleotides can only be added to the 3' end of a DNA strand, there are two strands generated during replication.
What is leading and lagging strand?
400
A typical human 2n cell holds 46 chromosomes. In a human sperm, this many chromosomes are found.
What is 23 chromosomes?
400
See slide show. This is a visual clue.
What is Metaphase II?
400
This occurs during Anaphase I, and is a critical difference between Meiosis and Mitosis.
What is reduced chromosome number? –or—going from diploid (2n) to haploid (n.)
500
DNA has two strands that run side by side. One side runs chemically from 5' --> 3'. However, the other side runs chemically from 3' --> 5'. You could say that the two strands are this.
What is antiparallel (or run in opposite directions)?
500
This is the primary difference between the leading and lagging strand in DNA Replication, and why the lagging strand takes more time.
What are the Okazaki Fragments are bonded using DNA ligase? (Due to DNA Polymerase having to work away from the replication fork.)
500
These forms of DNA have the same centromere location and share location of their genes also.
What are homologous chromosomes?
500
This describes the step that helps differentiate Meiosis I and Mitosis. It is the step before the cell goes from diploid (2n) to haploid (n.) (Looking for specific vocabulary terms.)
What is Homologous Chromosomes line up at the equator of the cell to be separated?
500
This enzyme heals the nicks between the Okazaki Fragments during DNA replication.