Vocabulary
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What base does guanine pair with in a DNA molecule?
Cytosine
To store genetic information
Name the four nitrogenous bases.
Adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine
What is a double helix?
The shape of a DNA molecule, or a twisted ladder.
What is the primary of purpose of DNA in a living cell?
To store genetic information and act as a blueprint for the cell
What is a nucleotide?
A biomolecule that is the building block of DNA.
What makes up the DNA backbone?
A phosphate-sugar backbone
What detemines the sequence of amino acids in a protein?
The sequence of nucleotide bases.
What is semiconservative replication?
How each new DNA strand has one strand from the parent cell, and one newly synthesized strand.
What are pyrimidines?
Nitrogenous bases in DNA with a single ring.
What are the two phases of gene expression?
Transcription and translation
What does antiparallel mean?
The two strands of DNA run in opposite directions.
(3'-5' and 5' to 3')
If DNA has 22% cytosine, how much adenine is there?
28% adenine
What percent of DNA codes for proteins?
1.5-2%