These two scientists made a Tinker Toy kind of model to show the three-dimensional structure of DNA. Provide both first and last names.
Who are James Watson and Francis Crick?
100
The name given for the short sequence of nucleotides where DNA replication is initiated.
What is "origin of replication"?
100
These three features are unique to RNA.
What are a ribose sugar, uracil, and single-stranded?
200
Weak electrostatic bond that holds complementary base pairs together.
What is hydrogen bond?
200
The polarity of a single DNA chain is described this way.
What is 5' to 3'?
200
These two scientists produced high quality X-ray diffraction images of DNA crystals that revealed detailed features of the physical structure of the molecule. Provide first and last names.
Who are Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins?
200
The Y-shaped area formed when double helical DNA unwinds.
What is a "replication fork"?
200
The complement of the sequence 5'-CTAGGT-3', written 5' to 3'.
What is 5'-ACCTAG-3'?
300
The covalent bond that links one nucleotide to the next along the DNA backbone.
What is phosphodiester bond?
300
This category of nitrogenous bases includes adenine and guanine.
(Hint:contains nine carbon atoms)
What is a purine?
300
This was the major result of the "Waring Blender Experiment".
What is genetic material (genes) are composed of DNA?
300
Pieces of DNA used to synthesize the lagging strand.
What are "Okazaki fragments"?
300
This Nobel Prize winner demonstrated that DNA synthesis could occur outside the cell using purified components.
Who is Arthur Kornberg?
400
Three chemical components of a nucleotide.
What are deoxyribose sugar, nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group?
400
The numerical ratio of A to T or G to C in the DNA of all organisms.
What is 1:1?
400
The term Oswald Avery used to describe the substance that converted harmless rough bacteria into pathogenic smooth bacteria.
What is the "transforming principle"?
400
This enzyme adds nucleotides to the free 3'-end of a DNA strand.
What is DNA polymerase III.
400
Unwinding of the DNA double helix during replication distorts the rest of the molecule (unreplicated portion), forming this type of structure.
What is "supercoil"?
500
Covalent attachment of a nitrogenous base to carbon 1 of deoxyribose produces this type of molecule.
What is a nucleoside?
500
Circular chromosomes are found in these two kinds of organisms.
What are bacteria and viruses?
500
An enzyme required specifically for lagging stand DNA synthesis.
What is DNA ligase or DNA polymerase I?
500
This one particular component of the DNA molecule carries the genetic information.