DNA Structure
This repeating unit consists of a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base.
What is a nucleotide?
This protein type helps DNA coil and condense by acting as structural spools.
What are histones?
This central region of a chromosome where sister chromatids are held together.
What is the centromere?
This term refers to a segment of DNA that codes for a protein or trait.
What is a gene?
This term describes the DNA–protein material that condenses into chromosomes during mitosis.
What is chromatin?
This term describes the two DNA strands running in opposite 5’→3’ directions.
What are antiparallel strands?
DNA wrapped around histone proteins forms this bead‑like structure.
What is a nucleosome?
These paired structures help organise spindle fibres during cell division.
What are centrioles?
Different versions of the same gene are known by this term.
What are alleles?
This structure is the bead‑like unit of DNA packaging formed by DNA wrapped around histones.
What is a nucleosome?
This structural feature forms the outer framework of each DNA strand and provides stability for the molecule.
What is the sugar‑phosphate backbone?
This loosely packed DNA–protein complex is found during interphase.
What is chromatin?
This structure in animal cells organises the spindle fibres that pull chromosomes apart during cell division.
What is the centrosome?
This type of organism has circular DNA and no membrane‑bound nucleus.
What is a prokaryote?
This chromosome region shortens with each cell division.
What are telomeres?
This term refers to the physical shape of DNA’s two strands twisting around each other.
What is the double helix?
This highly condensed form of chromatin becomes visible during mitosis.
What is a chromosome?
These chromosome pairs carry the same genes at the same loci but may have different alleles.
What are homologous chromosomes?
This type of organism stores DNA inside a nucleus and has linear chromosomes.
What is a eukaryote?
This term describes the identical DNA molecules produced during replication and joined at the centromere.
What are sister chromatids?
This protective region at the ends of chromosomes prevents loss of coding DNA during replication.
What are telomeres?
These identical copies of a chromosome remain joined at the centromere until anaphase.
What are sister chromatids?
This complete visual display of an organism’s chromosomes is used to detect abnormalities.
What is a karyotype?
This term refers to the complete set of genetic instructions carried by an organism.
What is the genome?
This region of a chromosome contains genes arranged in a specific order along its length.
What is a locus?