DNA Structure
What kind of macromolecule is DNA?
A. Protein
B. Carbohydrate
C. Enzyme
D. Nucleic acid
E. Lipid
D. Nucleic acid
What base pairs up with adenine (A)?
Thymine/T
DNA replication produces new strands that are _____________________ the original strand.
A. identical to
B. similar to
C. different from
A. identical to
Which two scientists finally stated the shape of the DNA molecule?
Watson and Crick
What is the genetic material of all life?
DNA
DNA is made up of monomers called _________________
nucleotides
What base does guanine (G) pair up with?
Cytosine (C)
What is a mistake in DNA called?
A mutation
Which female scientist originally investigated the structure of DNA?
Rosalind Franklin
Why does DNA replication have to occur?
Growth of cells.
DNA looks like a twisted ladder. Its shape is called ______________________.
double helix
If an original DNA sequence reads "ATGTTAGC", what would the complementary DNA be?
TACAATCG
Which of the following is the FIRST step in DNA replication?
A. The double helix is unzipped
B. DNA polymerase proofreads the strand
C. DNA polymerase unzips the double helix
D. The strand is proofread.
A. The double helix is unzipped.
What was the name of Franklin's research partner?
Maurice Wilkins
If the original DNA sequence is ATTCGTAAG and it gets changed to ATTGTAAG, what kind of mutation is that?
Frameshift (deletion)
Each nucleotide has three parts. Name them.
Nitrogenous base, sugar, phosphate
If the DNA sequence reads "ACGTACAT", what would the mRNA be?
UGCAUGUA
What type of mutations cause a frameshift mutation?
Insertions and deletions
Which famous international award did Watson and Crick win for their research?
Nobel Price in Medicine
If the original DNA sequence is ATTCGTAAG and it gets changed to ATT TCG AAG, what kind of mutation is that?
Inversion
What is the name of the sugar in DNA?
deoxyribose
What kind of bond connect the bases to each other?
Hydrogen bonds.
What is the name of enzyme that is used within DNA replication?
DNA polymerase
What does Chargaff's Rule state?
There should be a 1:1 ratio of adenine to thymine and the same for cytosine and guanine.
DAILY DOUBLE:
The bonds between the two components which make up the back bone are called ________ bonds ?
Extra 200 points if you pronounce it correctly.
phosphodiester