Rules of DNA
What base pairs with adenine?
What is the complement to the following strand?
ATGCGCA
What is TACGCGT?
What is the role of helicase?
What is the strand called when polymerase adds continuously in the 5' to 3' direction?
What is leading strand?
What base bonds with guanine?
What is cytosine?
How many rings is/are cytosine and thymine made of?
What is one ring?
What is the role of polymerase?
What is add nucleotides in the 5' to 3' direction?
What term describes the two strands of DNA created during replication? AND what does it mean?
What is semiconservative? Strands are made of one new and one old strand
What is hydrogen bond?
How many rings is/are guanine and adenine made of?
What are two rings?
What is the role of primase?
Why is semiconservative replication so accurate?
What is replicates the original so both new copies are exact replicas of the other half?
How many hydrogen bonds are holding A&T and C&G?
What is 2 and 3?
Name the following enzyme: glues okazaki fragments back together.
What is ligase?
Explain why the lagging strand is called the lagging strand.
What is moves in the opposite direction compared to helicase? Moves discontinuously. Creates okazaki fragments that need to be "glued" together.
The backbone is found on each of the sides of DNA. What is the backbone made of?
Phosphate and sugar
Why do hydrogen bonds hold the bases together?
They are weak and helicase can easily break them.
1. Name the enzyme that keeps the strands from rebinding.
2. Name the enzyme that keeps the strand from recoiling.
What is SSBP and topoisomerase?
State/explain the steps of DNA replication using all 6 enzymes.
1. Helicase unzips/unwinds (breaks hydrogen bonds)
2. SSBP and Topoisomerase hold the strands apart and keep the DNA from recoiling
3. Primase lays a primer to tell Polymerase where to start adding nucleotides on the leading and lagging strand.
4. Polymerase adds nucleotides in the 5' to 3' direction of the NEW strand.
5. Ligase "glues" the okazaki fragments together.