DNA Structure
What kind of macromolecule is DNA? A. Protein B. Carbohydrate C. Nucleic acid D. Lipid
D. Nucleic acid
What makes up the DNA backbone?
What makes up the "rungs" of DNA (the middle)
Nitrogen bases
What is the term for having 1/2 new strand and 1/2 old strand of DNA?
Semi-conservative replication
What bond does Helicase break?
Hydrogen
What bond holds together the backbone of DNA?
Covalent
If a sample is DNA is 38% thymine (T), what percent adenine (A) is it?
38%
What is the first step of DNA replication?
Helicase unzips the double helix
What strand is built continuously towards helicase?
Leading strand
What strand is built discontinuously away from helicase, resulting in Okazaki fragments?
Lagging strand
What is the name of the sugar found in DNA?
Deoxyribose
If a DNA sample is 19% cytosine (C), what percent is guanine (G)?
19%
What is the name of the enzyme that glues together Okazaki fragments?
Ligase
What direction does DNA Polymerase build new strands of DNA?
5' to 3'
What does Helicase make when it splits the DNA strands? (Hint: we labeled it on our drawing)
Replication fork
Name the three parts of the nucleotide.
Phosphate, sugar, nitrogen base
If a DNA sample is 20% A, how much %T? %C? %G?
C= 30%
G=30%
Name the three enzymes used in replication in order.
Helicase, DNA polymerase, Ligase
What does antiparallel mean?
Strands will run 3' to 5' and 5' to 3'. They are opposite of eachother.
What is on the 5' end of a DNA strand?
Phosphate