DNA
RNA
"The Double Helix"
Replication
Random
100
What are the four bases in DNA?
Adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine.
100
Does RNA form a double-helix strand or a single-helix strand?
Single-helix.
100
Who did "photo 51" originally belong to?
Rosalind Franklin.
100
What unzips the DNA?
Helicase
100
What are the complimentary pairs in DNA?
AT and CG.
200
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid.
200
What RNA base replaces thymine?
Uracil.
200
Which two people took Photo 51 without permission and used it to further their own research on the structure of DNA?
James Watson and Francis Crick.
200
In what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
S Phase.
200
What was thought to be the genetic material before the 1950's when scientists were racing to understand DNA?
Protein.
300
What type of bond connects the bases and why?
Hydrogen bond because it is easy to break.
300
What does mRNA do?
Carries copies of instructions from DNA for the assembly of amino acids into proteins.
300
Why didn't Rosalind Franklin receive a Nobel Prize for her work with DNA and viruses?
She died before Watson and Crick even received the Nobel Prize, and it can only be awarded to a living person.
300
Is DNA replication semiconservative, conservative, or dispersive?
Semiconservative, because each new DNA double-helix conserves half of the original.
300
How long does it take for genetic damage to surface?
Decades.
400
A _____ is a section of a DNA molecule whose sequence of building blocks specifies the sequence of amino acids in a particular protein.
Gene.
400
In 1909 Russian-American biochemist Phoebus Levene revealed a major chemical distinction between DNA and RNA. What was that distinction?
RNA has ribose, DNA has deoxyribose.
400
Who was the author of "The Double Helix"?
James Watson.
400
What does DNA polymerase do?
Adds nucleotides to the DNA primer, proofreads, and replaces incorrect bases.
400
What two bases are purines, and what two bases are pyrimidines?
Adenine and guanine are purines, thymine and cytosine are pyrimidines.
500
What are nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA) made of? (3 things)
One deoxyribose sugar, one phosphate group, and one nitrogenous base.
500
Why is RNA required in DNA replication.
DNA polymerase can only add bases to an existing nucleic strand, so it makes a complimentary strand of RNA for DNAP to proofread and add on to.
500
What are the two forms of DNA that Rosalind Franklin discovered? What form was Photo 51?
A dry, crystalline "A" form, and a wet "B" form. "B" form.
500
What enzyme seals the sugar-phosphate backbones?
Ligase.
500
What are short, newly synthesized DNA fragments that are formed on the lagging template called?
Okazaki fragments.
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