Scientists
Which scientist's X-ray diffraction photo helped reveal the structure of DNA?
Rosalind Frankllin
The structure of DNA is often referred to as a _______ _______ _____.
Double stranded helix
In complementary base pairing, which base pairs with cytosine?
Guanine
During which phase of cell division does DNA replication occur?
S (synthesis) phase
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribosenucleic Acid
Who created the first 3D helical model of DNA?
Watson and Crick
The strands (backbone) of the DNA molecule are made of what two components?
Sugar and phosphate
In complementary base pairing, which base pairs with thymine?
Adenine
TAGCCT
Which enzyme acts as a proofreader in DNA replication because it only adds a new nucleotide if the preceding one was correctly paired?
DNA polymerase
What is Chargaff's rule
Same percentage of A and T and same percentage of C and G- Similiar to base pairing rule
Two strands of DNA are held together at the center by what type of bond between the nitrogenous bases.
Hydrogen Bond- Weak so it unzips
What is the monomer of DNA?
Nucleotide
What is the Sugar call in DNA
Deoxyribose
The enzyme that unzips DNA by breaking the Hydrogen Bonds
Helicase
What do the letters DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
How many phosphates are present in one nucleotide?
One
What are the different components of a nucleotide?
Phosphate Sugar and Nitrogen Base
Which enzyme uses complementary base pairing to add nucleotides to the new strand of DNA?
DNA polymerase
What enzyme works to seal up Okazaki fragments that occur on the lagging strand during replication?
Ligase
Why is it important that we understand the structure of DNA and how it replicates?
(Answers may vary.) Understanding the structure and replication process of DNA allows us to understand how traits are passed down and how mutations arise and what affect they have on an organism.
Why is it essential for DNA replication to be extremely accurate?
To make sure the new cells (daughter cells) receive the same genetic instructions as the parent cell.
The two strands of DNA run opposite each other. How else would we describe this?
(Answers may vary). DNA is anti-parallel. OR One strand runs from 5' to 3' while the other strand runs from 3' to 5'.
DNA replication is semi-conservative. What does this mean in relation to the DNA strands?
(Answers may vary.) One DNA strand is new, while the other is the old strand from the original DNA molecule.
_______ are repetitive sequences at the ends of chromosomes that help prevent degradation of information during DNA replication.
Telomeres