DNA STUCTURE
DNA Replication
Protein Synthesis
Mixed Bag
Random
100

Each 3 part segment of DNA or RNA is called a  _______________.

Nucleotide

100

The phase in which DNA replication takes place.

S phase of interphase

100
What three types of RNA are used in protein synthesis?
mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
100

Two of the three differences between DNA and RNA.

DNA-Double   RNA-Single

Thymine        Uracil

Deoxy           Ribose

100

What does the acronym DNA stand for? 

Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid
200
Name the 4 nitrogenous bases.
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine
200

The enzyme that splits the DNA molecule apart 

Helicase

200

What is the process of creating mRNA called?

Transcription

200

What is the name of the following mutation: ATG GCG is transcribed into UAG CGC

substitution 

200
Why does a copy of mRNA need to be made for the process of protein synthesis to take place.
It is small enough to fit out of the nucleus, where DNA is not.
300
What are the three parts that make up a nucleotide.
Phosphate, Sugar, Nitrogenous Base
300

Replicate the following DNA template: GCT ATA

CGA TAT

300

Where are proteins built?

Ribosomes

300

Where are anticodons found, and what is the anticodon for AGC? 

on tRNA, UCG

300
If the two sides of a strand of DNA are anti-parallel, it means what about them.
The run in opposite directions
400

The phosphates of the double helix make up the DNA ____________________.

Backbone

400
Enzyme that plugs in complementary bases on the developing strands of DNA. 
DNA polymerase
400
Three base sequences that code for a specific amino acid that are found on mRNA.
Codons
400
Second stage of protein synthesis where mRNA is read and used to make a chain of amino acids.
Translation
400
Where do transcription and translation take place?
In the nucleus and in the cytoplasm (on a ribosome)
500
What attractive force, found between the nitrogenous bases, holds the two sides of a strand of DNA together?
Hydrogen Bonds
500

Where and why does DNA replication occur? 

It occurs in the nucleus prior to cell division, so that each daughter cell gets a complete set of DNA (46 chromosomes for human cells). 

500

What is the job of tRNA?

To transfer amino acids to the ribosome in order to build proteins. 

500

Use your resources to translate the following sequence: AUG UGG

methionine, tryptophan 

500

What is a frameshift mutation? Give an example.

A mutation that shifts the frame of codons. (Changes every codon after the mutation). Insertion and Deletion. 

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