What is DNA?
DNA stands for ___________________________
deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA has how many nitrogenous bases?
four
The type of bond that holds base pairs together is? (Hint: The weaker one)
hydrogen bond
DNA has a specific shape called a _____________________, which can be described as a twisted ladder.
double helix
Base-pairing rules state that A always pairs with ____.
T (Thymine)
DNA is which of following organic molecules? A) A lipid B) A carbohydrate C) A protein D) A nucleic acid
nucleic acid
What is the name for the base represented by an (A)?
Adenine
A strand of DNA is supported by its "backbones". Which two molecules make up the backbone of DNA?
sugars and phosphates
True/False: DNA exists normally in your cells as a single-strand of nucleotides, having one backbone connected to nitrogenous bases.
False (DNA is double-stranded)
Base-pairing rules state that G always pairs with _____.
C (Cytosine)
A nucleic acid is made up of smaller units, or building blocks, called ____________________
nucleotides
What is the name for the base represented by a (G)?
Guanine
The type of bond that holds the two molecules together that make up the backbone is? (Hint: Stronger one)
covalent bond
Thinking back to the twisted ladder analogy, what do the sides of the ladder represent?
sugars and phosphates
If one side of a strand of DNA reads ATCGA, use the base-pair rules to come up with the sequence on the other, complementary strand of the same DNA. (Complementary means matching)
TAGCT Because... A=T T=A C=G G=C A=T
DNA nucleotides are made up of three components:
1. A sugar 2. A phosphate 3. A nitrogen base (need all 3 to be correct)
What is the name for the base represented by a (C)?
Cytosine
One strand of DNA reads GGACTTC, what is the sequence on the other, complementary strand?
CCTGAAG
The sugar in DNA is made up of 5 carbons, what is the specific name for this 5-carbon sugar in DNA? (Hint: the D in DNA)
deoxyribose
What is the name for the base represented by a (T)?
Thymine
What were the names of the two scientists who first modeled the structure of a DNA molecule as a twisted, double-helix shape.
Watson & Crick