Transcription
Found in both DNA and RNA. Goes with both T's and U's
Adenine (A's)
tRNA
Brings the amino acid from the cytoplasm to the ribosome. It attaches its anti-codon to its corresponding codon on mRNA. It codes for a specific amino acid.
Fredrick Griffith
British Microbiologist that discovered the transforming principal by mixing heat-killed S bacteria with live R bacteria
DNA is
a double-stranded molecule that can copy and determine the inherited traits of organisms and viruses.
DNA Replication is
the process of making identical copies of DNA before cell division
In DNA, Cytosine (C's) go with what other nucleotide?
Guanine (G's)
Polypeptide chain
A long chain of amino acids that form a protein molecule.
Avery
A Canadian biologist that used proteases and nucleases (DNAse) to determine that DNA was the transforming principal.
Nucleotide is
a building block of DNA or RNA; made of a sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group.
a double helix is
The shape of DNA, referring to its two adjacent polynucleotide strands wound into a spiral shape.
In RNA, Adenine (A's) go with what other nucleotide?
Uracil (U)
Translation
The final stage of protein synthesis. Process of translating a sequence of mRNA to a sequence of amino acids.
Hershey and Chase
Two American Biologist
concluded that the genetic material of the bacteriophage was DNA, not protein by radioactive markers on sulfur to follow the protein and on phosphorus to follow the DNA
Double helix is
a pair of parallel helices swirled around
a hydrogen bond is
A weak chemical bond formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar molecule is attracted to the slightly negative atom of another polar molecule. It holds the DNA molecules together.
In RNA, Cytosine (C's) go with what other nucleotide?
Guanine (G's)
Ribosomes
The organelle where translation takes place. It is also called a protein-making factory.
Rosland Franklin
An English chemist and X-ray crystallographer who made contributions to the understanding of the molecular structures of DNA by shooting the famous Photo 51.
Hydrogen bond is
a type of weak bond formed between the nitrogenous bases on opposite strands of DNA.
DNA Polymerase is
Enzyme that builds the complementary strand in DNA replication.
Transcription
The process by which the message from DNA is written down into RNA
protein synthesis
The process that includes transcription and translation that makes proteins.
Watson and Crick
the two American scientists that created the Double Helix DNA model at Indiana University in the 1950s
A Sequence is when
the order of nucleotides in DNA or RNA or the order of amino acids in a protein.
a helicase is
An enzyme that unwinds the double helix of DNA and separates the DNA strands in preparation for DNA replication.