Structure of DNA
What is the structure of DNA
What is double helix, nucleotides, and base pairing
Why do cells do DNA replication.
What is to prepare for cell division.
True or false: Protein synthesis consists of transcription and translation.
True
Adenine to Thymine/Uacil (both work); Cytosine to Guanine
What does synthesis mean?
What is "making"
What is the backbone of DNA?
What is sugar-phosphate
Why are DNA replication describe as semi- conservative.
What is DNA is composed of one strand from the original parent DNA is newly synthesized
What are proteins made out of?
What are amino acids
In Eukaryotes, the mRNA non-coding regions are called what?
What is Introns
What is the definition of gene
A section of the DNA that codes for a protein.
Nitrogenous Bases found in DNA
What is Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine.
What are the enzymes involved in replication?
What is helicase, primase, DNA polymerase, and ligase.
How are proteins joined together?
What are polyeptide chains.
*Double Points* How is RNA different to DNA?
1: RNA has uracil instead of thymine.
2: RNA has a ribose sugar - in DNA it's deoxyribose.
3: RNA is usually single while DNA is double stranded.
What is "messenger"
What are the two types of bonds in DNA
What is Hydrogen and Phosphodiester groups
*Double Points* What are the DNA replication steps?
Unzipping, stabilizing, priming, building and extending, replacing, gluing, proofreading.
Where does protein synthesis happen in prokaryotic cells?
What is in the cytoplasm
How does transcription work?
DNA is "unzipped" in half, then the RNA polymerase attaches to one side of the stripped DNA and starts to add complimentary RNA nucleotides one at a time. It builds a new strand called mRNA. The mRNA leaves the nucleus through nuclear pores
Histones definition
What is proteins that associate with DNA and helps condense it
What does a nucleotide consist of?
What is a phosphate bond, nitrogenous base, phosphodiester bond, and deoxyribose sugar
What is the role for DNA polymerase.
What is synthesizing new strands of DNA and adding DNA nucleotides.
Where are the three places protein synthesis travel to in a eukaryotic cell in order of start to finish
Nucleus to cytoplasm to ribosome
How does translation work?
mRNA attaches on a ribosome and lines up complementary to tRNA as their anti-codons have to align with the codons on the mRNA strand. The amino acids from the tRNA form peptide bonds and build a polypeptide strand which will later become a protein. The tRNA molecules detach themselves from the amino acids and go pick up new aminos.
What does DNA stand for?
What is Deoxyribonucleic acid