DNA Structure
DNA Replication
Protein Synthesis
RNA
Mutations
100
These are the four nitrogen bases in DNA.
What is Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G)?
100
This is the first step in DNA replication.
What is the double stranded DNA molecule unzips?
100
In the process of protein production, this molecule serves as an instructions manual.
DNA
100
These are the four nitrogen bases in RNA.
What is Adenine (A), Uracil (U), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G)?
100
What is the definition of a mutation?
A change in the hereditary material of an organism
200
This is the shape of a DNA molecule. It is also often described as a twisted ladder.
What is the double helix?
200
This happens after the DNA molecule has unzipped.
What is free DNA nucleotides bind to the exposed DNA?
200
Protein production occurs at this cell organelle.
Ribosome
200
Instead of deoxyribose, RNA nucleotides have this simple sugar.
What is Ribose?
200
Having an extra copy of Chromosome 21 will result in what genetic disorder?
Down's Syndrome
300
If one strand of DNA is CATGGA, then the complementary strand is this.
What is GTACCT?
300
This is the end product of DNA replication.
What is two DNA strands, which are identical to the first?
300
If a DNA sequence is TAC GGC, then this would be the mRNA sequence.
AUG CCG
300
What are two types of RNA?
mRNA, tRNA
300
This type of mutation occurs when a base is added or deleted from DNA. It alters the reading of the codons by one base.
gene mutation
400
DNA is a polymer made up of repeating units, or building blocks, called this.
What is nucleotides?
400
DNA replication occurs in this part of the cell.
What is the nucleus?
400
What does tRNA do once it matches up with 3-base code on mRNA?
It finds and brings back the correct amino acid to the ribosome
400
This is the term for every 3 bases in a mRNA strand. Each of these codes for one amino acid.
A codon or triplet
400
In meiosis, one or more pairs of chromosomes may fail to separate, resulting in the type of mutation
Chromosome mutation
500
These are the three components of a DNA nucleotide.
What is 1. sugar (deoxyribose) 2. phospate 3. nitrogen base
500
DNA replication is important because it allows this cell process to take place. (hint: think about growth)
What is cell division?
500
What is created when amino acids are linked together in a chain-type structure?
Protein
500
A strand of mRNA that is 15 bases long will code for this many amino acids?
five
500
Mutations can occur during cell division, DNA replication, or Protein Synthesis. Describe one other way a mutation can happen.
An outside or environmental factor such as exposure to radiation or chemicals can damage DNA in cells.
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