Making Copies
The process where a cell creates a copy of a specific section of DNA is called what?
Transcription
DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is often called this because of its shape.
Double-helix
A, T, G, and C are abbreivations for what part of DNA?
Nucleotide bases
messenger
What is DNA "translation"?
Translation is the decoding of instructions for making proteins
A specific section of DNA is called what?
Gene
You cannot eat it, but deoxyribose is a type of what?
Sugar
What nucleotide pairs with Cytocine?
Guanine
Transfer
Translation takes place in this part of the cell
Cytoplasm
Transcription, unlike translation, takes place in this part of the cell
Nucleus
What are the names of the 4 nucleotide bases?
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine
This nucleotide base pairs with Thymine
Adenine
This RNA is involved in translation
tRNA
This is a structure responsible for carrying out all the processes of the cell, and thus the entire organism
protein
Why can mRNA leave the nucleus but a full strand of DNA cannot?
The mRNA can leave the nucleus of the cell because it is very small.
The full strand of DNA cannot leave the nucleus because it is too LARGE.
The sides of the DNA ladder are made up of deoxyribose and what other molecule?
Phosphate
This is a possible consequence of an A pairing with a G.
1. mutation
2. non-functioning gene
3. wrong protein created in translation
This RNA is involved in transcription
mRNA
This organism isn't a librarian, but it reads mRNA every day
Ribosome
This indicates the start of the transcription process
An enzyme in the nucleus separates strands of DNA like a broken zipper
How many base pairs are there in a typical person's DNA?
3 billion!
This nucleotide base gets a new partner during transcription
Adenine
In transcription, Adenine pairs with Uracil instead of Thymine
Each transfer RNA carries one of 20 of these molecules
Amino acids
What is a codon?
A set of 3 nucleotides attached to tRNA