Definition
The process by which DNA makes a copy of itself during cell division.
DNA Replication
DNA STRAND:
A=T as C=_?
G
How many codon are in the Genetic code?
64
What unzips the two strands of DNA?
Helicase
Name the three types of DNA mutations
Point (Base Substitution)
Insertion
Deletion
A change in DNA sequence
Mutation
How many strands make up RNA?
DNA is made up of 2 strands
TRUE OR FALSE:
The genetic code is universal but have many variations throughout each codon
FALSE.
The genetic code is UNIVERSAL and REDUNDANT
In Prokaryotes, both of these are coupled.
Transcription and Translation
TRUE OR FALSE:
Proteins are always affected when DNA undergoes mutation.
It might or might not affect protein
Codon
Genome=Chromosome=_________=DNA
Genetic Material
Roughly 500 amino acids have been identified in nature, but only ___ amino acids make up the proteins found in the human body
20
This process constitutes the last essential stage of translation, as it ensures the formation of full-sized proteins.
HINT: Stop Codons are in site
Termination
_____ mutation occur when the change of a single DNA nucleotide within a protein-coding portion of a gene does not affect the sequence of amino acids that make up the gene's protein.
Silent
The movement towards or away from a signal by flagellar rotation. (toward food or away from toxin)
Chemotaxis
DNA is made of chemical building blocks called ________. These building blocks are made of three parts: a phosphate group, a sugar group and one of four types of nitrogen bases.
Nucleotides
_______ loop will temporarily bind with the codons on the mRNA template during DNA replication
Anticodon
What is the difference between Rho independent and Rho dependent?
In Rho dependent termination, Rho factor binds with the transcript and terminates transcription by breaking hydrogen bonds between the template and the transcript.
Rho independent termination terminates the transcription by producing a hairpin loop structure and then U rich region in the transcript.
Name the three protein mutations
Silent
Missense
Nonsense
The process by which the instructions in our DNA are converted into a functional product
Gene Expression
This is a protein needed for initiation of transcription in bacteria
Sigma Factor
Of the 64 codons, how many code for Amino Acid?
61
During the initiation process of transcription, Gene goes through the sigma factor by binding to the ___________ region.
binding to the promoter region
What type of mutation(s) leads to frameshift mutation?
Insertion and Deletion mutations