Vocab 1
A large biological molecule made of amino acids that performs essential functions in the body, including structure, enzymes, transport, and regulation
Protein
The basic building block of DNA, made of a sugar molecule, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base.
Nucleotide
The substance in a cell that carries hereditary information from one generation to the next, such as DNA or RNA
Genetic material
An observable characteristic of an organism (such as eye color, height, or blood type) that is influenced by genes and sometimes the environment
Trait
A tightly coiled structure made of DNA and proteins that contains many genes
Chromosome
The twisted ladder-like shape of DNA, made of two strands winding around each other
Double Helix
A specific segment of DNA that contains the instructions for making a protein and influences a particular characteristic or function
Gene
One of the four chemical bases in DNA (adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine) that pair together (A–T and C–G) to form the “rungs” of the DNA ladder
Nitrogen base
The molecule that carries genetic information. It provides instructions for how an organism grows, develops, and functions
DNA