DNA
RNA
DNA Replication
Transcription, XSomes
Mitosis & XSomes
100
What is the sugar in DNA?
Deoxyribose
100
What is the name of the sugar in RNA?
Ribose
100
During what stage of the Cell Cycle does synthesis of DNA take place?
S Phase of Interphase
100
Why is the process of Transcription necessary?
DNA can't leave the nucleus, needs to get the message out to ribosomes
100
What are the four phases of Mitosis?
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase
200
What is the scientific name for the shape of the DNA molecule?
Double Helix
200
What is the reason that we have RNA?
DNA can't leave nucleus, need to get message out to ribosomes to make proteins
200
What enzyme is responsible for unwinding and unzipping the DNA molecule?
DNA Helicase
200
What is the RNA molecule produced in Transcription?
mRNA or messenger RNA
200
What are the ends of a chromosome called that protect the vital DNA?
Telomeres
300
What are the names of the two gentlemen responsible for establishing the structure of the DNA molecule?
Watson & Crick
300
What are three differences between RNA and DNA?
DNA = Double stranded, RNA = Single Stranded DNA = Can't leave nucleus, RNA = Can leave nucleus DNA = Has Thymine, RNA = Has Uracil
300
In the DNA sequence, ATTACCGCGAGC, what is the complementary strand?
TAATGGCGCTCG
300
What is the name of the main enzyme involved in Transcription?
RNA polymerase
300
Which stage of Mitosis features the chromosomes lined up at the middle of the cell? What is the middle of the cell called? What about each end of the cell?
Metaphase Equator Poles
400
What are the three pieces to a Nucleotide of DNA?
Deoxyribose Sugar, Phosphate Group, and Nitrogen Base
400
What is the scientific process for the creation of the mRNA molecule from the DNA template? Where does this take place?
Transcription, Nucleus
400
Why is DNA Replication considered "Semiconservative"?
Half of the original strand goes w/ new cell, information from previous cell is passed along
400
What are the names of the two halves of the chromosome?
Sister Chromatids
400
What is the name of the narrow, middle section of a chromosome called? What are the names of the thin, protein fibers that attach to this area and pull apart the chromosome?
Centromere Spindle Fibers
500
What are the names of the four nitrogen bases found in DNA? How do they base pair with each other?
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine Adenine w/ Thymine Cytosine w/ Guanine
500
What are the four Nitrogen Bases found in RNA? How do they base pair with each other?
Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, and Uracil Adenine w/ Uracil Cytosine w/ Guanine
500
Describe the process in order, using enzymes, terms, bases of DNA replication
Unwinding, Unzipping using DNA Helicase, DNA polymerase puts in the proper base (complement to original), reforming of Hydrogen bonds, new Double Helix (w/ 1/2 old DNA) goes to new cell
500
Transcribe this strand of DNA into mRNA: TACGGGTTAACGAGC
AUGCCCAAUUGCUCG
500
Describe each Phase of Interphase (3)
G1 = Organelles duplicate, cell grows, checkpoint S = DNA Replication G2 = Centrioles duplicate, cell grows, checkpoint
M
e
n
u