DNA
All living cells contain DNA. (T or F)
True.
Is RNA single or double stranded?
Single.
DNA was studied in the...
A. 1950's
B. 1850's
C. 1990's
A. 1950's.
True or False: DNA can leave the nucleus.
Daily Double: WHY??? or WHY NOT???
False.
It is a double stranded molecule, and is too big to leave the nucleus.
Mutations are heritable ____________ in genetic information
changes
The nitrogenous bases in DNA are held together by what type of bonds?
A. Covalent Bonds.
B. Hydrogen Bonds.
C. Phosphodiester bonds.
D. Atomic Bonds.
B. Hydrogen Bonds.
In RNA, A pairs with....
U
How many scientists were there that lead the discovery of DNA?
4 (Watson, Crick, Wilkins, and Franklin.)
the "t" in tRNA stand for
Transfer.
Protein structure is vital to its...
A. Genome
B. Function
C. Pairing
B. Function.
What are the three parts of a nucleotide?
Deoxyribose Sugar, nitrogenous base, phosphate group.
What sugar makes up the backbone of RNA?
Ribose
Which scientist did not receive credit for the discovery of DNA due to passing away from cancer?
Rosalind Franklin.
What amino acid does AUG code for?
Methionine.
What type of mutation changes one nitrogenous base in a DNA/RNA sequence and results in a different amino acid?
Missense Mutation
What enzyme is responsible for unzipping and unwinding DNA in step 1 of DNA replication?
DNA helicase.
The central dogma of biology is....
→ →
DNA→ RNA→ Proteins
The two scientists given credit for discovering the structure of DNA are and
James Watson and Francis Crick.
When translating, what strand of RNA do you use to translate to get an amino acid?
mRNA strand
Which enzyme is utilized during transcription?
RNA polymerase.
Please state each enzyme involved in the three main steps of DNA replication we discussed in class. (In order.)
Daily Double: What does each enzyme in each step do?
1) DNA Helicase DD: Unzips DNA
2) DNA Primase and Polymerase DD: DNA Polymerase (synthesizes new DNA), Primase (creates RNA primers)
3) Ligase DD: Seals Gaps.
Which RNA molecule delivers the amino acid to the polypeptide chain?
tRNA. (checks the work of mRNA before mRNA send the message out to make a protein, remember!)
Which scientist used x-ray diffraction in the 1950s to contribute to the structure of DNA?
Rosalind Franklin
the tRNA anticodon of the mRNA codons AUG CGC is...
UAC GCG
Process that occurs when exposed to heat or pH changes?
Denaturation.