Heat Happens
What is heat?
Energy transferred due to a temperature difference
What does temperature measure?
The average kinetic energy of particles
What is a fluid?
A substance that can flow and take the shape of its container.
What is pressure?
Force exerted per unit [surface] area
What system is used in dental drills?
Pneumatic system
Which type of heat transfer occurs through direct contact between particles?
Conduction
In which direction does heat naturally flow?
From warmer objects to cooler objects
What is the formula for density?
Mass ÷ Volume
What happens to pressure as volume decreases?
It increases.
What is the greenhouse effect?
The trapping of heat in Earth’s atmosphere by gases like carbon dioxide and methane.
Which type of heat transfer can occur through empty space?
Radiation
Why does a large pot of water take longer to heat than a small one?
It has more particles, so more energy is required.
What is the buoyant force?
The upward force exerted by a fluid on an object
Why do divers feel more pressure underwater?
More fluid above them exerts force
Why do cities tend to be warmer than rural areas?
Materials like concrete (dark, matte surfaces) absorb and retain heat more than natural surfaces.
Why does metal feel colder than wood at the same temperature?
Metal conducts heat away from your hand faster than wood.
Why does water stay at 100°C while boiling even when heat is added?
Energy is used for a phase change rather than increasing temperature.
Why can large ships float in water?
Buoyancy due to displacement of water/hollow bottoms (filled with air) to become buoyant
Why are dams thicker at the bottom than at the top?
Pressure increases with depth
Why do winter jackets trap heat effectively?
Air pockets act as insulators.
Why do coastal areas have milder climates than inland areas?
Water has a higher specific heat capacity, so it heats and cools more slowly than land.
Why does sweating cool the body?
Evaporation absorbs heat energy from the body.
Why do hot air balloons rise?
Heated air becomes less dense, creating an upward buoyant force
Why do your ears pop when diving underwater?
Increasing pressure compresses air spaces, causing pressure differences.
Why does ice float?
When water freezes, particles spread out into a more open structure due to the rigidity caused by hydrogen bonding, making ice less dense than liquid water, so it floats.