Perception
What is perception bias, and how does it affect the way we process information?
when our brain takes shortcuts to process information, which can lead to mistakes in judgment.
What is the education and status bias?
The tendency to associate a person’s competence with their level of education or social status.
What is a "memory mindbug"?
an unconscious bias that leads to inaccurate recall of events. These errors occur due to the way our brain processes and associates information.
What is anchoring bias?
The tendency to base decisions on the first piece of information received.
What bias leads us to unconsciously favor people who are similar to us in appearance, background, or beliefs?
Similarity bias
How does the "Joshua Bell in the subway" example illustrate the role of context and appearance in shaping our judgments?
People ignored him because he looked ordinary, showing how context and appearance affect how we value things.
Why was Bob undervalued in the example discussed during the presentation?
Because he was a high-performing employee without a formal degree, leading to his skills being underestimated.
What is the Mandela Effect ?
a memory bias where groups of people collectively misremember events or facts, highlighting the fallibility and reconstructive nature of human memory.
Which of the following scenarios best illustrates anchoring bias?
A buyer negotiates a price based on the seller’s initial high offer.
What is the bias that causes leaders to assume that quiet employees lack ideas or initiative?
Inclusion bias
Explain the "halo effect" and give an example of how it can influence our perception of someone.
when one good trait, like appearance, makes us think someone is better overall. For example, a professor in a suit seems smarter.
What are some problems caused by education and status bias?
Loss of talented employees, reinforcement of stereotypes and reduced diversity
How does misleading or suggestive information affect memory recall?
Misleading information distorts memory by causing the brain to fill gaps with external cues or imagination, leading to inaccuracies.
How can anchoring bias affect salary negotiations?
It makes the initial salary offer influence all further discussions.
What bias leads organizations to hire or promote people who “fit” their existing culture, potentially excluding diverse candidates?
Culture-fit bias
What are some ways perception bias can contribute to societal inequalities, especially in professional or social settings
It can cause unfair treatment, like rejecting a candidate because of their name or appearance.
How can organizations reduce the education and status bias during recruitment?
By conducting blind CV reviews to remove educational details.
How can memory biases, such as those seen in the Mandela Effect, have real-life consequences?
Memory biases can lead to wrongful convictions in court and costly mistakes in business, like false reports or misjudging competitors.
What strategy can help reduce the impact of anchoring bias during decision-making?
Compare multiple data points before making a decision.
What is the tendency to use stereotypes when assigning tasks, such as assuming women are better suited for administrative roles?
Gender role bias
What is one question you can ask yourself to evaluate whether your judgment is influenced by perception bias, and how does this help?
Ask, “Am I judging based on facts or assumptions?” It helps you make fairer decisions.
How does education and status bias affect innovation in companies?
It limits innovation by excluding people with diverse backgrounds.
Why do alternative theories, like parallel realities, fail to provide a scientific explanation for the Mandela Effect?
Parallel reality theories lack proof, as no evidence shows alternate universes affect memory. The Mandela Effect is better explained by memory flaws, biases, and shared narratives.
How did researchers demonstrate anchoring bias in pricing experiments?
Participants were influenced by unrelated numbers, such as their Social Security digits, when estimating prices.
What is the phenomenon where companies appear diverse but fail to create an inclusive environment where everyone feels valued?
The illusion of inclusion