Documents
what are the articles of confederation?
Before the current Constitution went into effect in 1789, an agreement among the thirteen original states was approved in 1781 that allowed for a loose central government. There was no chief executive or judiciary, and the Confederate legislature had no tax-collecting power.
what are the Marbury V. Madison case (1803)?
The supreme court shall be entitled to find the actions of Congress illegal under the principle of "judicial review." The authority of a court to decide on the constitutionality of government laws or actions of an official of the government.
What is the baker v. carr case (1962)?
Charles Baker made clear that the distribution laws of Tennessee were violated. In favor of Baker, the Warren court issued a 6-2 decision. The Court gave sufficient justification to rule on the legislative repartition due to lack of political issue, prior court interference in distribution and equal protection pursuant to the 14th amendment.
whats the roe v. wade case (1973)?
Jane Roe requested the United States District Court to find Texas legislation prohibiting abortion unconstitutional. Abortion was illegal under this law unless it was to protect the lives of a woman.
Whats the Federalist no.10?
James Maddison raises the issue of how to protect against "faction" or groups of individuals with interests opposed to other people's rights or the interests of the whole population.
What is the declaration of independents?
It lists the misconception of the king and declares that the colonies wished to divide the United Kingdom on 4 July 1776, written by Thomas Jefferson. John Hancock. John Hancock. The second Continential Congress President and the first signatories to the independence declaration.
what is the McCulloch v. Maryland case (1819)?
It is one of the Supreme Court's first and most significant federal power cases. The Supreme Court found in the present case that Congress has implied powers that come from those referred to in Section 8 of Article I. The clause of "necessary and appropriate" empowered Congress to create a national bank.
What is the Gideon v. Wainwright case (1963)?
It is also a matter of whether the right to the charges of crimes in State courts can be expanded or not. - The Supreme Court had to determine in 1963 whether the right to advice paid by the government in criminal cases was one of those constitutional rights.
Whats the Shaw v. Reno case (1993)?
The party argued that the districts were gerrymanders of the races who infringed the Fourteenth Amendment equality rights clause. The Supreme Court decided in its 1993 decision that race cannot be the main factor in district building.
Whats the Federalist no.70?
the need for good government energy in the executive
whats the constitution of the U.S?
This document was produced during the 1787 Convention. It includes the United States of America's constitution, or fundamental laws. It is the highest rule of the country since it cannot be contradicted by any other law. Federalism. Federalism.
What is the Schenck v. the United State Case (1919)?
During World War I, the socialists Charles Schenck and Elizabeth Baer circulated leaflets declaring that the draft violated the prohibition of unintended servitude under the 13th amendment. The leaflets encouraged the public to reject the draft, but they only recommended nonviolent action.
Whats the Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District, (1969)?
The school board learned of the student's plans and declared preemptively that any student who wore or declined to remove a black bracelet would be discontinued from school after their parents had been summoned.
whats the United States V. Lopez case (1995)?
The Congress, by passing a law banning gun ownership in local schools zones, found that Congress had exceeded its Constitutional authority under a Commerce Clause. The trade clause contained the power to control local activities so long as the intergovernmental trade "significantly affected."
Whats the Federalist no.78?
Judicial review / judicial framework under the constitution proposed
whats Brutus no.1?
The federal government's level of influence over state governments will ensure unpopular legislation, mandates, etc.
What is the Brown v. the Board of education case (1954)?
Is public education discrimination on the grounds of race only in violation of the 14th amendment's Equal Protection Clause? This case consisted of the unification of quatre proceedings concerning the segregation of public schools by race in different countries.
Whats the New York Times Co. V. United States Case (1971)?
It is a felony to gather information on America's national defense with the intent to use the Espionage Act, which was passed at the beginning of World War I.
Whats the McDonald v. Chicago Case (2010)?
2A safeguards "people's right to hold and bear arms." A handgun prohibition was introduced in Chicago in 1982. The 14th amendment is violated by Otis McDonald and others who have sued the town on the grounds that the 14th amendment gives state and local government the 2A right to hold weapons and carry them.
what are the Letter from Birmingham Jail?
hideous record is well-known about violence. Negroes have been treated in the courts grossly unfairly. In Birmingham, the bombing of Negro houses and churches has been more unsolved than in any other city of the nation
whats the federalist paper no.1?
Pictures The separation of power in which the various branches of government have a particular role to play in developing and being proud expertise.
what is the Engels v. Vitals Case (1962)?
The First Constitutional Amendment guarantees the right to religious worship while also protecting Americans from creating the state-sponsored religion. - This is whether public schools are also allowed to play their part in teaching God's faith through the daily prayer
Whats the Wisconsin v. Yoder case (1972)?
Three Old Order members Amish and Mennonite families were accused by the Wisconsin state of violating national law on compulsory schooling, which includes attending school by the age of 16.
Whats Citizens United v Federal Election Commission (FEC) case (2010)?
In the First Amendment, the corporate finance restrictions of independent broadcasting for candidate elections are prohibited. The judges said it is not sufficiently persuasive to limit political speech for government rationale on corporate spending caps – to deter corruption.
whats federalist 51?
One of the best-known federalist papers, No. 51, identifies ways to provide checks and balances in governments and promotes division of responsibilities within national governments.