Docs
The Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution to
protect individual liberties.
Supreme Court declares laws constitutional or not; declared in Marbury v. Madison:
Judicial Review
A major weakness of the Articles of Confederation was that
What event during the Articles of Confederation greatly influenced the Founders to ensure that the new government would have a strong federal government?
made it too difficult for the government to raise money through taxes.
Shays' Rebellion
Contributions from special interests have undermined fair and competitive political campaigns.
Citizens United v. FEC (2010)
Two houses of Congress, both elected with proportional rep (What Plan?):
Virginia Plan
What concept guided the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution?
Limited government
The Supreme Court ruled that racial gerrymandering is unconstitutional:
Shaw v. Reno (1993)
In Federalist #78, Alexander Hamilton writes about:
Judicial review, Independence of the judiciary
Life tenure of the judiciary and integrity of the courts which are not influenced by factions
Appropriate checks and balances can be created in government and it provides for a separation of powers within the national government.
Federalist #51
Two Supreme court cases that have to do with Federalism:
McCullough v. Maryland and US v. Lopez
1 vote per state for equal representation under 1 legislative body (What plan?):
New Jersey Plan
Both Near v. Minnesota and NY Times Company v. United States were about:
Prior Restraint
There is no true representation in a large republic:
Brutus 1 or Federalist 10
There are limitations to Congress using the Commerce Clause to justify legislation:
United States v. Lopez (1995)
What is another name for the Necessary and Proper Clause (Article 1, Section 8)?
Elastic Clause
A large republic will dilute bad factions:
Federalist 10
Govt can’t favor any religion:
Govt can’t restrict people from practicing religious beliefs
Engel v. Vitale (1961)
Wisconsin v. Yoder (1971)
Articles of the Constitution
Concerning Congress:
Concerning the Judicial Branch:
Concerning the Executive Branch:
Article I
Article III
Article II
Case: selectively incorporated the Second Amendment:
McDonald V. Chicago (2010)
Declaration of Independence:
Consent of the governed
Compromise btw Congress electing the President & qualified citizens:
The Electoral College
Asserted that the federal govt has certain implied powers and
Established the constitutionality of the Bank of the United States:
McCullough v. Maryland (1819)
Promises the federal govt gives to states/states give one another:
The Constitution is the supreme law of the land:
Concerns how to change the Constitution:
Article IV
Article VI
Article V
Redistricting qualifies as a justiciable question:
Baker v. Carr (1962)
Gitlow v. NY:
Barron v Baltimore:
Schenck v. US:
NAACP v. AL:
Miranda v. AZ:
Miller v. CA:
Tinker v. Des Moines:
Lemon v Kurtzman:
Gideon v. Wainwright:
began the process of selective incorporation of the BOR
SC declared that the BOR applies only to the fed govt, not the States
Govt can restrict speech if it endangers public order
protected the right to associate
police must read an accused person their rights
the community should be used to determine what is obscenity
school students could wear armbands to protest war
religious schools can be federally funded if they meet criteria
Constitution requires U.S. states to provide attorneys to criminal defendants who are unable to afford their own.