Common Symptoms
Conservative first-line therapy for chronic venous insufficiency
Leg elevation, exercise, static compression, weight loss
Topical treatments for papulopustular rosacea
Metronidazole, azelaic acid, ivermectin
Hemoglobin transfusion threshold for most patients
<7 g/dL
Most common causes of PUD
NSAIDs and H. pylori
Most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults
Membranous nephropathy
Diagnosis for nonspecific dizziness despite adequate evaluation
Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness
Most common trigger of psoriasis flare
Streptococcal infection
Low hemoglobin level with indirect hyperbilirubinemia, elevated lactate dehydrogenase, low haptoglobin
Hemolytic anemia
Gold standard diagnostic test for achalasia
Esophageal manometry
Prerenal AKI FENa
<1%
Back pain, saddle anesthesia, bowel/bladder dysfunction
Cauda equina syndrome
Diagnosis of blistering disease associated with urticarial plaques progressing to tense bullae
Bullous pemphigoid
Pancytopenia, promyelocytes, and DIC
Acute promyelocytic leukemia
Diagnosis suggested by continuous colonic inflammation beginning at anorectal verge, extending proximally
Ulcerative colitis
Immediate treatment of severe hyperkalemia
IV calcium gluconate and insulin (with or without glucose)
Concomitant neurologic findings in patients with central vertigo secondary to vertebrobasilar stroke
Nystagmus, dysphagia, dysarthria, diplopia, ataxia, postural instability, hemiparesis, mental status changes
Vitamin deficiency most associated with “corkscrew” hairs, perifollicular hemorrhage, and follicular hyperkeratotic papules
Vitamin C
Monoclonal protein <3 g/dL, clonal plasma cells <10% of marrow cellularity, no end-organ damage
MGUS
Preferred diagnostic test in stable LGIB without rapid bleeding
Colonoscopy
Urinalysis finding in ethylene glycol toxicity
Calcium oxalate crystals
Initial steps in evaluating medically unexplained symptoms
Thorough history and physical exam; review of previous diagnostic evaluations
Pearly or translucent nodule or papule with arborizing telangiectasias, often with central depression with rolled waxy border
Nodular basal cell carcinoma
Hemolysis, thrombocytopenia, ADAMTS13 deficiency
TTP
Initial management of acute variceal bleeding
Octreotide and endoscopic band ligation
Compensation for metabolic acidosis
Pco2 = (1.5) [HCO3] + 8 ± 2