What is the most common cause of bacterial pneumonia in children after the newborn period?
What is Streptococcus pneumoniae
100
What is the most common intracerebral bleed following head injury?
What is Subarachnoid hemorrhage
100
What is the most common cause of right-sided congestive heart failure?
What is left-sided congestive heart failure
100
In patients with organophospahte poisoning, large doses of this drug are frequently needed and may be repeated until the tracheobronchial secretions dry up?
What is Atropine
100
Which nerve injury is most commonly associated with anterior glenohumeral dislocations?
What is the axillary nerve C5-C6
200
In the setting of an acute upper respiratory infection occurring in the unimmunized children less than four years old, what is the important disease to include in the differential diagnosis?
What is Pertussis (Whooping cough)
200
A post-viral acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy with ascending paralysis and decreased or absent DTR's is likely what syndrome?
What is Guillain-Barre syndrome
200
What is the drug of choice for conversion of narrow complex supraventricular tachycardia?
What is Adenosine
200
In patients with propranolol overdose, which drug may produce dramatic improvement in heart rate and blood pressure?
What is Glucagon
200
What are the four signs of flexor tenosynovitis and name them all.
What are Kanavel's signs: Finger held in slight flexion, symmetric swelling of the finger, tenderness along the flexor tendon sheath and pain with passive movement of the finger
300
What is the most common primary dysrhythmia in children?
What is Paroxysmal supra ventricular tachycardia (PSVT)
300
What is the primary consideration for the etiology of meningitis in an AIDS patient?
What is Cryptococcus neoformans
300
What two drugs may be used for hypertensive emergencies in eclampsia prior to pregnancy?
What are Hydralazine and Labetalol
300
Withdrawal from which substance produces the distinctive clinical findings of yawning, lacrimation and piloerection?
What is opiates
300
A fracture at the base of the second metatarsal is pathognomonic for what type of injury?
What is Lisfranc's fracture
400
What is the initial fluid therapy and amount for children in shock?
What is rapid infusion of crystalloids, 20ml/kg
400
What cervical spine injury occurs as a result of axial loading?
What is Jefferson fracture or C1 ring blowout fracture
400
What is the initial EKG abnormality in patients with tordades de pointes?
What is prolongation of the QT interval
400
In a poisoning patient with an increased anion gap metabolic acidosis, which etiology is likely with the finding of calcium oxalate crystals in the urine?
What is ethylene glycol poisoning
400
The posterior fat pad sign seen on the lateral radiographic view of the elbow of an adult presumptive evidence of which injury?
What is fracture of the radial head
500
What is the most common pre-arrest rhythm disturbance seen in the setting of pediatric arrest? And the most common arrest rhythm?
What is bradyarrhythmia, especially sinus bradycardia in pre-arrest and asystole in arrest
500
What must be considered if a patient presents with vertigo associated with neurologic complaints?
What is Occlusion of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery, known as Wallenberg's syndrome
500
What is the appropriate treatment for the symptomatic bradydysrhythmias in a patients with a heart transplant?
What is Isoproterenol
500
For what two drug ingestions would you alkalinize the urine?