MTSS & Schoolwide Practices
This framework integrates academic, behavioral, and social-emotional supports across multiple tiers.
What is MTSS?
This schoolwide framework promotes positive behavior through prevention, teaching expectations, and reinforcement.
What is PBIS?
Research consistently shows that increased involvement from this stakeholder group improves student outcomes.
Who are families/parents?
Age, race, language, SES, disability status, and religion are examples of these factors.
What are diversity characteristics?
This characteristic refers to whether a study measures what it claims to measure.
What is validity?
These three systems-level activities help schools identify needs and allocate resources effectively.
What are needs assessment, universal screening, and resource mapping?
Bullying, truancy, dropout, and school violence are examples of issues influenced by these.
What are risk and protective factors?
School psychologists should understand family systems, strengths, needs, and this important contextual factor.
What is culture?
Unconscious attitudes or stereotypes that influence decisions are known as this.
What is implicit bias?
This characteristic refers to the consistency of a measure over time or across raters.
What is reliability?
This educational practice has been criticized because research generally shows limited long-term academic benefits.
What is grade retention?
The primary purpose of this process is to determine the likelihood that a student may engage in targeted violence.
What is a threat assessment?
Collaboration among schools, mental health agencies, juvenile justice systems, and healthcare providers is called this.
What is interagency collaboration?
School psychologists promote this principle by ensuring fair access to educational opportunities and services.
What is social justice?
Monitoring whether an intervention is delivered as intended is called this.
What is treatment fidelity (or implementation fidelity)?
A school psychologist should use this type of practice when selecting interventions at the systems level.
What are evidence-based practices?
These four phases should be addressed in comprehensive crisis planning.
What are prevention, intervention, response, and recovery?
These individualized, team-based supports coordinate services across home, school, and community settings.
What are wraparound services?
Working with these individuals can help school psychologists better understand the needs of culturally and linguistically diverse learners.
Who are community liaisons?
School psychologists should consider this when deciding whether findings from a study apply to their own students.
What is external validity/relevance to practice?
A Tier 1 schoolwide literacy screening administered to all students is an example of this decision-making approach.
What is data-based systems-level decision making?
Attendance rates, office discipline referrals, and climate surveys are examples of these.
What are school climate and safety outcome measures?
A student transitioning from high school to adulthood would most benefit from collaboration among multiple agencies through this process.
What is transition planning?
A disproportionate number of students from one cultural group being identified for special education may indicate problems with this.
What is equity/fairness in assessment and identification?
Collecting data, measuring outcomes, analyzing results, and making decisions about continuation of a program describes this process.
What is program evaluation?