DNA/RNA
What is the structure of DNA?
A double helix
What is a nucleotide?
Is the DNA is copied into mRNA?
Yes it is copied to mRNA.
What makes the rough ER rough?
The ribosomes on it.
A mutation is always bad. True or False
Just one
What is a nucleic acid?
Macromolecules that includes DNA and RNA.
Does DNA ever leave the nucleus?
No, the DNA never leaves the nucleus.
What is an anticodon?
It is a 3 nucleotide sequence of tRNA moecule that matches perfectly with the codon.
What is mutation?
A change of genetic material in a cell.
Guanine, Cytosine, Adenine, Thymine
What is adenine?
A nitrogen base found in DNA and RNA that pairs with thymine.
Does mRNA ever leave the nucleus?
Yes, it leaves the nucleus to take the copy to the ribosomes.
If the mRNA molecule has 150 nucleotides, how many codons is in that molecule?
150
What is substitution?
One base is changed to a different base.
What replaces thymine from DNA and RNA?
uracil
What is a Primase?
An enzyme that creates a short RNA primer for DNA replication.
This occurs in the nucleus, the genetic message is copied from DNA into a new nucleic acid.
Transcription
What is the process called that results in the linking of amino acids coded for by a molecule of RNA?
Translation (RNA-> Proteins)
What is a deletion?
removes a base from the DNA sequence.
Who discovered the double helix structure?
James Watson and Francis Crick
What is a hydrogen bond.
A weak chemical bond used to hold complementary base pairs together.
What does the "m" in mRNA stand for?
Message.
How many nucleotides long is an codon?
It's 3 nucleotides long.
What is duplication?
An extra copy of all or part of a chromosome.