DNA/RNA
What does DNA do?
Replicate and stores genetic information.
Where does Translation occur?
In the Ribosomes
What is replication?
The action or process of reproducing or duplicating something.
wwhat is a point mutation?
a mutation affecting only one or a few nucleotides.
What is transcription?
A piece of DNA that codes for specific genes copied into messenger RNA.
Where is DNA and RNA located
DNA is located in the nucleus and RNA is formed in the nucleus and then moves to specialized regions of the cytoplasm.
What is translation?
The process of creating proteins from an mRNA template.
Where does replication occur?
In the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
What is a frameshift mutation?
The incretion or deletion of nucleotides bases in number that are not multiples of three.
what happens tov DNA after transcription?
copied into mRNA
Why is DNA a double helix?
Interaction of water molecules with DNA molecules.
how do cells make protien?
a proccess called transcrition
What causes replication?
Unwinding of DNA at the origin and synthesis of new strands.
what is the cause of mutations?
errors in DNA replication.
when and where does transcription occur?
in the nucleus of the cell.
name the 5 nitrogen bases
adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine, uracil
Where dose translation occur in the cell cycle?
The ribosome.
What happens during replication?
Copying the parent DNA helix into two identical daughters.
what is a chromosomal mutation?
changes an entire chromosome, either in number or structure.
when does transcription occur?
when RNA polymerase binds to a promoter sequence near the beginning of a gene.
or during G1
what components form the sides, or the rails of the DNA ladder?
Alternating sugar and phosphate molecules.
when does translation begin?
when a ribosome docks on a start codon of an mRNA molocule in the cytoplasm.
What are 3 different types of replication?
Conservative DNA replication, Semiconservative DNA replication, Disruptive DNA replication.
name 4 different types of mutations.
substitution, deletion, insertion, transcription.
what are the 3 stages of transcription?
initiation, elongation, and termination.