The shift from circular to rectangular homes represented what major development?
a) Nomadic movement
b) Religious belief
c) Storage and division of labor
d) Decoration trends
c) Storage and division of labor
Early homes became rectangular so rooms could serve different purposes, like storing food and separating work from rest.
True or False: A cell building is a building with multiple clusters of rooms?
True
Monks lived in clusters of small “cells” around a courtyard, combining privacy with shared community life.
True or False: The Renaissance Palazzo is an Italian building type influenced the modern apartment?
True
Palazzos used multi-level living and layered privacy, inspiring later apartments and townhouses.
True or False: Social housing has one clear definition.
False
Each country defines social housing differently, as public, cooperative, or subsidized housing.
After WWII, what became the main driver of housing production?
a) Government funding
b) Private mortgages and market investment
c) Religious institutions
d) Universities
b) Private mortgages and market investment
The government stepped back and banks began funding homeownership through loans and mortgages.
What caused early humans to begin creating permanent homes?
a) Population decline
b) Climate change and security
c) Discovery of metal
d) Domestication of cats
b) Climate change and security
As people faced colder climates and needed safer places, they stopped moving and started building permanent homes.
The combination of monastic and hermitic life formed what type of community?
a) Domus
b) Coenobium
c) Polis
d) Oikos
b) Coenobium
Coenobium communities allowed monks to live together, work, and worship under shared rules.
The Italian Renaissance Palazzo is the predecessor for which modern home?
a) The loft
b) The single-family home
c) The apartment
d) All of the above
d) All of the above
The palazzo’s organized design shaped many modern housing types — from family homes to apartments.
Which country treated social housing as part of urban planning under the Woningwet Housing Act?
a) France
b) Germany
c) The Netherlands
d) Italy
c) The Netherlands
The Netherlands integrated social housing into city planning to ensure healthy, affordable living.
What is the main result of hypercommodification in housing design?
a) Larger homes with better materials
b) Smaller, standardized, market-optimized units
c) More public housing
d) Greater variety in design
b) Smaller, standardized, market-optimized units
Developers built compact, repeatable units to maximize profit and efficiency.
True or False: Nomadic hunter-gatherers lived in permanent settlements.
False
Nomadic groups didn’t live in one place; they moved around for food and resources, so they had no fixed housing.
What did monasticism have a significant influence on?
a) Permanent homes
b) Domesticity for middle class privacy
c) Western domestic architecture
d) Townhouse design
c) Western domestic architecture
The spatial design of monasteries inspired how homes were later organized: private rooms plus communal spaces.
Hotel living in the 20th century was popular among which classes?
a) Lower class
b) Middle class
c) Upper class
d) Both B & C
d) Both B & C
Hotels offered comfort and convenience, attracting wealthy and middle-class professionals who could afford long stays.
Which gender issue continued within early social housing?
a) Women’s unpaid domestic work sustained capitalism
b) Men were excluded from design
c) Homes became gender-neutral
d) Women only lived in collective housing
a) Women’s unpaid domestic work sustained capitalism
Designs still assumed women managed the home, reinforcing gender roles in the labor system.
What housing type compresses full apartments into small, efficient studios?
a) Townhouses
b) Micro-flats
c) Cloisters
d) Duplexes
b) Micro-flats
Micro-flats fit all functions into a small area, reflecting the financialization of space.
What is the word that translates to “multiple rooms”?
a) megaron
b) oikos
c) polis
d) vita
b) oikos
“Oikos” is Greek for household, describing a home with multiple spaces for family, storage, and work.
In monastic settlements, what area separated living and working spaces?
a) Atrium
b) Courtyard
c) Circulation of monks
d) Domus
c) Circulation of monks
The layout of walkways and cloisters created a rhythm that separated sacred and daily activities.
What was the main reason architects focused on building “minimum dwellings”?
a) To cut back on costs
b) To make the working class more productive
c) To make homes more decorative
d) They disliked the working class
b) To make the working class more productive
Minimal dwellings were simple and functional, designed to improve hygiene, order, and daily efficiency.
What was the goal of “anti-domesticity”?
a) To end private housing
b) To reduce rent prices
c) To encourage different housing types beyond single-family homes
d) To increase property value
c) To encourage different housing types beyond single-family homes
Anti-domesticity promoted shared and collective housing to counter the isolation of suburban homes.
True or False: Co-living spaces completely eliminated private rooms.
False
Co-living kept private bedrooms but shared kitchens and lounges to save space and create community.
According to the reading, early boundaries and enclosures gave social relationships what new quality?
a) A stronger spiritual meaning
b) A more visual and physical definition
c) A connection to religion
d) A dependence on trade
b) A more visual and physical definition
Once people built walls and doors, private and public life became clearly divided and visible in design.
True or False: According to Aureli & Tattara, monasteries became "A laboratory of ways of life"?
True
Monasteries were experiments in how people could live, pray, and work together, shaping communal housing ideas.
True or False: Fuggerei Housing Complex different from medieval poorhouses because it did not distinguished between the working poor and beggar poor.
False
The Fuggerei Housing Complex did distinguish between the working poor and beggar poor. It gave housing only to working citizens, showing a shift from charity to structured social aid.
What was the MAIN reason U.S. authorities disliked collective housing such as hotels?
a) They believed it would create chaos
b) It threatened the appeal of the single-family house
c) It cost too much to build
d) It increased taxes
b) It threatened the appeal of the single-family house
The single-family home symbolized independence; collective housing challenged that ideal.
How did COVID-19 reshape live/work housing?
a) Made remote work normal
b) Eliminated offices entirely
c) Increased rent prices
d) Reduced housing demand
a) Made remote work normal
The pandemic forced people to work from home, making flexible living spaces essential.