History and Definitions of VMIR
Term that means victims are often exposed to multiple forms of violence and maltreatment
Polyvictimization
What we call the gaps between levels of the funnel
dark figure
The number of states wherein it is legal for parents to use corporal punishment
50
These types of parent bonds can contribute as a risk factor for CSA
Type of neglect defined as failing to provide children with the necessary experiences for growth and development
educational
This movement has been used to illustrate the number and stories of victims of sexual harassment and assault
#MeToo movement
The perceived probability of getting caught by formal agents of social control
certainty of punishment
They define the specific guidelines to follow in cases of child abuse
Individual states
The difference between sexual contact and sexual acts
Penetration
Law that allows biological mothers to anonymously leave their newborn infants in safe locations
Self-Haven Laws
Previous policy in China that lead to a high practice of feticide
One-child policy
This is what the Level II of the funnel metaphor represents
reported amounts of VMIR
This is the leading cause of death among physically abused children
Abusive head trauma
The most commonly identified symptom in sexually abused children
Sexualized behavior
The most powerful predictor of child neglect
Low SES
The decade in which marital rape was outlawed in all 50 states
1990s
The type of research design used to evaluate intervention and prevention programs
experimental control trials
Injuries must last this amount in order for the harm standard to be met
48 hours
Stage in which risk for sexual abuse peaks for girls
early adolescence
Removing a child from a neglect situation, and placing them into the foster care system
Out-of-home care
The individuals who negotiate the understanding of social conditions into specific social problems
Claims makers
If you read that 10% of women are victims of rape and 20% are victims of drug-facilitated rape, why can you not assume that 30% of women experience some form of sexual assault?
Polyvictimization
The following family structure is least likely to perpetrate abuse
Children living with two biological parents
The two most important pre-abuse factors
prior history of trauma and psychological problems
One of the most common negative effects of child neglect
Social adjustment