Colonialism
1884-1885 Conference marking the formal division of Africa among European powers.
Berlin Conference
Weapon that improved European military superiority over the indigenous populations.
Maxim Gun
Significance of 1945 Pan-African Conference in Manchester, UK.
It brought together leaders who later led their nations to independence.
Global event contributing to the rise of African liberation movements.
WWII
Most important sub-saharan trade commodity from West Africa
Gold
The two primary methods of rule employed by European powers.
Direct and indirect
Belgian leader who 'owned' the Congo.
King Leopold II
Jamaican-born activist, key figure in Pan-Africanist thought
Marcus Garvey
Algerian nationalist group that led the struggle against French colonialism.
FLN
In French West Africa, colonial administrators focused on the production of this crop, which became the backbone of the colonial economy and was exported to French textile mills.
What is cotton?
Only (present-day) African states not divided during Berlin Conference.
Ethiopia (and Liberia)
1st African nation to gain independence from Europe (1922).
Egypt
Pan-African focus shifted in 1940s from the conditions of Blacks in general to the goals of Africans, particularly emphasizing this political objective.
Decolonization.
At its core, the Mau Mau Rebellion was an effort to restore which rights?
land rights
Berber and Arab traders relied on this animal to cross vast desert expanses, facilitating the trade of gold, salt, and slaves.
Camel
First port established in Africa by Europeans
Ceuta, Morocco 1415
1st SS African country to gain independence.
Ghana
Founded by Marcus Garvey in 1914, this organization promoted racial pride and the formation of an independent black nation in Africa.
What is the United Negro Improvement Association (UNIA)
uMkhonto we Sizwe was the armed wing of this liberation group.
African National Congress (ANC)
First African kingdom south of Sahara to mint coins
Aksum
Economic system that underpinned the decision to balkanize Africa
Neo-mercantilism
System of dividing South Africa into White state.
apartheid
This American intellectual was a noted proponent of Pan-Africanism
W.E.B. Du Bois
West African country to reject French protectorate status
Guinea (1968)
African economies were restructured under colonial rule to focus on:
Raw material extraction/Monocrops.