Transcription Challenge
A copy of a gene’s instructions
What “message” does mRNA carry out of the nucleus?
Sugar and phosphate
What two molecules form the “sides” of the DNA ladder?
mRNA codons
What does the ribosome “read” during translation?
tRNA
What type of RNA brings amino acids to the ribosome?
Because the ribosome can’t read DNA directly
Why transcription happens before translation?
mRNA strand
What does RNA polymerase build during transcription?
Base pairs
What do we call the center “rungs” of the DNA ladder?
A specific amino acid
What does each tRNA molecule bring to the ribosome?
Amino acids
What type of biological molecule are proteins made of?
It must unzip
What must happen to DNA before translation can begin?
A gene
What part of DNA is copied during transcription?
Adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosin
What are the four bases in DNA?
The correct amino acid is added to the chain
What happens when tRNA anticodons match mRNA codons?
Uracil
What base is found in RNA but NOT DNA?
What two places does protein synthesis occur?
It is too large to leave.
Why must DNA stay inside the nucleus?
To store instructions for making proteins
What is the job of DNA inside the cell?
tRNA
What molecule brings amino acids to the ribosome?
mRNA
What type of RNA carries instructions from DNA to the ribosome?
Translation
What process builds a protein
mRNA leaves the nucleus and attaches to a ribosome
What happens after transcription but before translation?
Nucleotides
What is DNA made of?
Reads mRNA and helps build a protein
What does the ribosome do during translation?
Why RNA is involved in transcription.
Because DNA can't leave the nucleus
=mRNA, then translation=
transcription = ___ → ___ = protein