Terms &
Definitions
Basic Concepts
Related to
Incidence of LD
Curriculum &
Instruction
Social &
Emotional
Development
Cognitive Functions
Of LD
100
Susie suffers from problems with attention and organizational skills. She frequently requires repeated directions and reinforcements. Susie may be recovering from this learning disability. ETS Objective: Demonstrate knowledge of definitions/terminology related to learning disabilities
What is ADHD?
100
Jack lives in a two parent household, plays little league baseball, and is thought well of among his peers. However, Jack also suffers from dyslexia, a poor self concept, and little motivation in school. His emotional distress is likely caused by this factor. ETS Objective: Demonstrate an understanding of ways in which learning disabilities can affect social/emotional development
What is Jack’s learning disability?
100
Mr. Hamm has several students with learning disabilities. His curriculum should include academics, but should also include this area of development. ETS Objective: Demonstrate an understanding of ways in which learning disabilities can affect social/emotional development
What is Social-Emotional Development?
100
Marcus is an LD student who attends Hampton High, where he has extreme issues with getting along with teachers and peers. He was also caught smoking in the restroom. Statistically, between struggling and succeeding in later life, he is most likely to do this. ETS Objective: Demonstrate an understanding of ways in which learning disabilities can affect social/emotional development
What is struggle?
100
Tilly is a student who notices everything about her teacher. On any given day she can tell you what shoes her teacher is wearing, what color her lipstick is, how many buttons are on her coat, and any other detail you may wish to ask. However, when you ask Tilly what book her teacher has been reading aloud, she does not know. Tilly has been struggling with this cognitive function. ETS Objective: Demonstrate understanding of cognitive functions as they pertain to learning disabilities
What is attention?
200
Billy has ADHD; his parents are worried that he may be excluded to necessary treatments and related services because his LD is not a separate category under this educational law. ETS Objective: Demonstrate knowledge of definitions/terminology related to learning disabilities
What is IDEA?
200
Priscilla is a five year old in Kindergarten. Her teachers believe she exhibits signs of ADHD. These are the two criteria she must meet in order to get the label of ADHD. ETS Objective: Demonstrate knowledge of definitions/terminology related to learning disabilities
What are inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity?
200
Mrs. Paige, is looking for intervention strategies for her ADHD students. These are three possible strategies the text books suggest. ETS Objective: Demonstrate understanding of ways in which particular types of deficits can affect learning and academic skills
What are content enhancements, peer tutoring, and computer assisted instructions?
200
James has difficulties in relating to the adults in his life, as well as his peers at school. Between his peers and the adults, this would be the better predictor of future difficulties in life. ETS Objective: Demonstrate an understanding of ways in which learning disabilities can affect social/emotional development
What are peer relationships?
200
Jonathan loses his assignments everyday. He often comes in without his homework and during the course of the year has lost two math books. Jonathan is having a problem with this skill. ETS Objective: Demonstrate understanding of cognitive functions as they pertain to learning disabilities
What are problems with organizational skills?
300
Jimmy is an LD student, his teacher must provide a functional behavior assessment which will aid in the creation of this plan. ETS Objective: Demonstrate knowledge of definitions/terminology related to learning disabilities
What is a positive behavior support plan?
300
Billy’s doctors have determined that he has a deficiency in the production of dopamine; this along with his behavior in his first grade classroom has led to a label of ADHD. These are two possible treatment plans for Billy. ETS Objective: Demonstrate a knowledge of basic concepts related to the incidence of learning disabilities
What are Pharmacological and behavior interventions?
300
Mrs. Duncan’s LD student Grace has been having problems staying organized. She decided to make a picture schedule to stay on task and remember her materials. Who should Mrs. Duncan contact to make sure Grace is able to implement this technique outside the classroom. ETS Objective: Demonstrate understanding of cognitive functions as they pertain to learning disabilities
Who is Grace’s Parents or Guardian?
300
Mrs. Jones is trying to teacher her class of LD students how to respond appropriately to social situations. She enlists the help of a fellow teacher to stage a disagreement during instructional time. By showing the students the appropriate reaction to the disagreement, Mrs. Jones is using this social skills training procedure. ETS Objective: Demonstrate an understanding of ways in which learning disabilities can affect social/emotional development
What is modeling?
300
Maria has to receive oral and written directions several times in order to comprehend them. She must also be given individual attention during instructional times. Maria is having a problem with this form of processing. ETS Objective: Demonstrate understanding of cognitive functions as they pertain to learning disabilities
What is information processing?
400
Alex is in an LD classroom. During recess he hit a fellow classmate. The school administration must consider this law when deciding whether to suspend him. ETS Objective: Demonstrate knowledge of definitions/terminology related to learning disabilities
What is manifestation determination?
400
Mary suffers with academic problems; These are two secondary problems she could possibly develop. ETS Objective: Demonstrate understanding of ways in which particular types of deficits can affect learning and academic skills
What are social and emotional behavior problems?
400
Ms. James wishes to find a daily way to measure specific behaviors of her students and share this information with parents. This is the form our text book suggests that she implement. ETS Objective: Demonstrate knowledge of definitions/terminology related to learning disabilities
What is a daily behavior report card?
400
Mr. Green teaches a class of self contained LD students. He uses a system where each student has a board with six pockets. When the student performs a target behavior, Mr. Green immediately give a ticket to put in their pocket. When the student fills all six pockets, they get a special award. Mr. Green is using this system of behavior modification. ETS Objective: Demonstrate understanding of ways in which particular types of deficits can affect learning and academic skills
What is the token system?
400
Julio passed first grade with great understanding of his letters of the alphabet. However, by the second week of second grade Julio’s teacher noticed he only knew about half of his letters. Julio’s difficulty is with this. ETS Objective: Demonstrate understanding of cognitive functions as they pertain to learning disabilities
What is memory?
500
Sallie is an LD student who suffers from severe social and emotional problems. According to the interagency committee of learning disabilities these problems are caused by ________ factors. ETS Objective: Demonstrate an understanding of ways in which learning disabilities can affect social/emotional development
What are Organic Factors?
500
For the last two months Mrs. Carver has noticed that Brock makes careless mistakes in his schoolwork, has difficulty sustaining attention, does not seem to listen when she speaks to him directly, does not finish most assignments, has problems staying organized, and is forgetful in daily activities. Brock is barely passing math and is failing reading. From the Scenario above, this piece of information prohibits Mrs. Carver from labeling Brock as ADHD. ETS Objective: Demonstrate knowledge of definitions/terminology related to learning disabilities
What is, these problems have only been noticed for two months?
500
Jenna is an LD student who is making great strides in classroom behavior. However, her teacher believes that she would further benefit from keeping track of her own behavior versus always relying on the teachers affirmations or admonitions. The text book suggests this instrument Jenna could use. ETS Objective: Demonstrate understanding of cognitive functions as they pertain to learning disabilities
What are self report instruments?
500
Miss Glass has been struggling with her students having bad moods. Give 3 out of the 6 techniques (from the book) which help with student temperament. ETS Objective: Demonstrate understanding of cognitive functions as they pertain to learning disabilities
What are rewarding on task behaviors, teaching self-monitoring behaviors, letting students select tasks, helping students with transitions, rewarding smooth transitions and discussing positive outcomes, and involve students in role-play games where they must take turns.
500
Mrs. Andrews has a self contained LD classroom. Among her students she has seen problems in all seven areas of cognition, which pertain to LDs. According to the information presented, Mrs. Andrews has seen all of these examples. ETS Objective: Demonstrate understanding of cognitive functions as they pertain to learning disabilities
What are attention, memory, intelligence, perception, organization skills, information processing, and executive functioning & metacognition?
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