Urinary Basics
What is the role of the loop of Henle?
Concentration of Urine
At which part of the nephron system does filtrate become urine?
Collecting Duct (Renal Papillae)
Why is hyperventilation dangerous?
It can raise blood pH.
Which part of the brain controls the basic rhythm of breathing?
Medulla oblongata
What is the driving force of gas exchange?
Pressure (High to low)
Which component of the renin/angiotensin system is actually active (causes blood pressure to go up)?
Angiotensin II
Which hormone increases water reabsorption in the kidneys?
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
180 L
What is the driving force behind pulmonary respiration?
Contraction of the Diaphragm
Which blood gas is most tightly-regulated by the respiratory center of the brain?
CO2
Where does filtration of blood primarily occur in the nephron?
Glomerulus
What triggers the release of renin from the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
Low Blood Pressure
What is my major?
Kinesiology
What cell type secretes surfactant?
Type II Alveolar Cells
Where does External Respiration occur? Internal?
External: Alveoli
Internal: Body Tissues
The ______________ is/are composed of cells of the distal convoluted tubule in contact with the afferent arteriole.
macula densa
What does Tubular Reabsorption refer to? Tubular Secretion?
Reabsorption: substances leaving the filtrate and entering the blood
Secretion: substances leaving the blood and entering filtrate
A patient is severely dehydrated. Which of the following renal responses would help restore fluid balance?
Increased water reabsorption in the collecting ducts
What do the paranasal sinuses serve to do?
Reduce the weight of the skull
The mucociliary escalator refers to?
the action of the ciliated respiratory epithelium in removing particles from the airway.
A person has a tumor that decreases blood flow to the afferent arteriole of the nephron. What is the most likely impact on kidney function?
Decreased GFR and reduced filtration
Place the structures properly from the Bowman's Capsule to the Urethra so that urine would form and pass through (in order).
Bowman's Capsule, PCT, Loop of Henle, DCT, Collecting Duct, Minor Caylx, Major Caylx, Renal Pelvis, Ureter, Bladder, Urethra
What term describes the location of the Kidney?
retropertioneal
Respiratory distress syndrome in infants is caused by a lack of what?
Surfactant
In what 2 sites does the brain monitor blood gases?
the aortic and carotid bodies