HISTORY
The study of the effects of drugs on behavior.
What is psychopharmacology?
The presynaptic axon terminal, the synapse (or synaptic cleft), and the postsynaptic membrane.
What are the three parts of a synapse?
What the body does to the drug
What is pharmacokinetics?
The amount of drug required to produce a given effect
What is drug potency?
These are the two main areas of the reward circuit
The nucleus ventral tegmental areas and the accumbens.
Psychological Set
What is an individual's knowledge, attitude, and expectations about a drug?
Receptors that release a G protein and act through a second messenger system
What is a metabotropic receptor?
The dose of a drug that kills 50% of animal subjects?
What is the LD-50?
Another term for "reward pathway"
What is the mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway?
Mild, moderate, or severe Substance Use Disorder
What is the DSM-5 (V) addiction diagnosis called?
Brain and spinal cord
What is the central nervous system?
When drug concentration is greatly reduced by metabolism
What is the first-pass effect?
A substance that binds to a receptor and elicits a similar response to the natural neurotransmitter
What is an agonist?
Brain area associated with the memory of drug effects; the brain area associated with the emotional aspects of drug use
What is the hippocampus? What is the amygdala?
Synthetic Drug Abuse Prevention Act
What legislation banned synthetic compounds like Spice, K2, and bath salts?
Sometimes called the "rest and digest" system, it is responsible for conserving energy and slowing heart rate.
What is the parasympathetic nervous system?
The time it takes for the drug concentration in plasma to decline by half
What is the elimination half-life?
The ratio of the LD-50 to the ED-50
What is the Therapeutic Index?
This area mediates the inhibitory control of behavior
What is the prefrontal cortex?
The drug or other substance has a high potential for abuse. It has no currently accepted medical use in treatment.
What is Schedule I of the Schedules of Controlled Substances?
dopamine and norepinephrine
What are two neurotransmitters important to drug effects?
Drugs administered this way go from the pulmonary veins directly to the left side of the heart, then the aorta, and on to the arteries in the brain
What is administration by inhalation?
This receptor in a cell membrane forms an ion channel and is considered fast-acting
What is an ionotropic receptor?
What is affinity?