Carbs
Alcohol
Lipids
Protein
Misc.
100

glucose + fructose = 

sucrose 

(table sugar, sugar cane, etc.)

100
How many drinks is considered "in moderation" for women? 

1 standard drink/day

100

The class of lipid whose structure contains a glycerol backbone and 3 fatty acids

Triglycerides

100
The type of amino acid that is needed in higher levels at certain points in life (pregnancy, infancy, older age, etc.)

Conditionally essential

100

A 6oz sirloin steak is considered both a ____ protein source and a ____ protein source

Lean and complete protein source 

200

Which type of fiber reduces the risk of constipation, diverticulitis, certain cancers, heart disease, and obesity?

Insoluble fiber

200

What process is alcohol created by?

Fermentation

200

The type of fat that is hydrogenated, often found in processed foods, bad for health, and should only be <1% of your kcal for the day

Trans fat

200

An instance where denaturation is harmful, and an instance where it is denaturation

Harmful: fever

Desirable: cooking food

200

T/F: sugar substitutes spike blood sugar

False

300

Which function of CHO is useful for endurance athletes especially (think of muscle levels)?

Spare protein

300
In what ways is alcohol excreted from the body?

via lungs, sweat, or urine

300

The healthiest sources of dietary fats and what they do for the body

MUFA and PUFA (Omega 6s and Omega 3s) raise HDL cholesterol

Know dietary sources of these FAs

300

The type of transport that brings AAs into cells

Active transport

Key point: it requires ATP

300

T/F: cholesterol is essential in the diet

False

400

The average amount of glucose that's bound to RBCs is called (bonus: what is this value useful for?)

Hemoglobin A1C

400

Bob is an excessive drinker. He also takes medications. Which metabolic pathway is going to metabolize his medication, and which one is going to metabolize his alcohol?

Medication: MEOH

Alcohol: MEOH

400

The primary function of phospholipids in terms of cell physiology 

Cell membrane structure

400

The process where proteins are constantly broken down, releasing AAs into the AA pool where they can be used for other functions

Protein turnover

Know what AAs are used for in the AA pool

400

The way alcohol is stored as a result of its metabolism in the ADH pathway is

Adipose tissue

500

How does the body maintain blood glucose levels?

With insulin and glucagon - insulin is released in response to high blood sugar, glucagon is released in response to low blood sugar
500

Joe went to a bar and ordered a cocktail. The bartender made it with 3 oz of alcohol. How many standard drinks is this considered to be?

6 standard drinks

500
Brad has a total cholesterol level of 212 mg/dL. The category this fall into is

Borderline high

500

Greg is a 56 y/o male that weighs 170lb. The correct amount of protein he should be eating is

77g

RDA for adults >50 y/o: 1.0g/kg

500

The following symptoms are characteristic of which disease:

Strong thirst, urination, wt loss, and increased appetite

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

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