Natural Disasters
Name 3 natural disasters.
Volcano, Earthquake, Tsunami, Flood, Hurricane
What are 3 ways plates earthquakes occur?
Plates moving apart (divergent), together (convergent) , or past each other (transform).
What comes out of a volcano?
Magma- as it flows on the Earth's surface it becomes lava.
What is a tsunami? What is a flood?
A tsunami is a big wave caused by an earthquake or volcano erupting in the sea. A flood is when the water level gets too high for the ground/ city infrastructurs to absorb.
What is a hurricane?
Large storm that forms over warm water that can bring a lot of rain, thunderstorms, and flooding. It can also spawn (create) tornados.
What is a natural disaster?
A natural disaster is when an event such as an earthquake damages buldings and injures/kills people.
What are the effects of an earthquake?
Tsunami
Buildings, roads , and homes collapsing
Life loss
What is an effect on humans of a volcano?
Smoke and ash can affect breathing and air quality.
Lava can cover nearby towns/structures.
How can we stay safe from a tsunami or flood?
Go to a high place or go far from the beach
What are some safety precautions for a hurricane?
Evauate (leave the area), build houses on stilts (piles that a house sits on to keep it off the ground. Water flows under the elevated house.
What is the ring of fire?
A path along the Pacific Ocean characterized by active volcanoes and frequent earthquakes
How are earthquakes detected and measured?
Seisometers detect earthquakes.
Earthquakes are measured on the Ritcher Scale.
What are some ways to monitor volcanos?
We can use special tools and machines to monitor tvolcanoes, like sensors that can tell us if something is happening.
What are 2 ways to minimize flood damage?
Create canals to channel flow of water and build a sea wall to slow down/block water. Also build levees (embankment to minimize erosion).
What is a storm surge?
The rising of the sea due to a hurricane.
What are some natural disasters that occur in our area?
Tornado, flooding from rain, thunderstorms
What is a fault?
When tectonic plates rub against each other
What are some ways to save lives should a volcano erupt?
Monitor activity of volcano and retreat away or to higher ground.
Why is a tsunami wave more dangerous than a normal wave?
A tsunami wave begins at the bottom of the sea with a volcano or earthquake that sends mass amounts of energy into the water creating a large wave. As it nears towards land, it gets more shallow so the wave has nowhere to go but up and become more vertical creating a gigantic wave near shore.
How can we restore (repair) our beaches after a hurricane?
Bring in sand to replace washed away sand.
What is the difference between natural disasters and natural hazards? Name 6 disasters and where they happen
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How can engineers design building to reduce life loss?
Engineers can use special designs and strong materials, like shock absorbers (flexible parts in buildings), to help them bend and not break during an earthquake (shock absorbers). This makes the buildings safer for people inside.They can also use cross beams -triangular shapes to reinforce (support/strengthen) and build a wider base.Also, use special connectors that help the house stay together during an earthquake.
Why are farmers able to grow more crops after a volcanic eruption? (Mulitiple Choice)
A. The eruption deposits ash in the fields, delivering minerals to the soil.
B. The eruption causes an increase in rain clouds that form in that area.
C. The eruption reduces the number of animals in the area so there is less consumption of the crops.
How can we help our community be better prepared for natural disasters like floods?
We can learn about our community's emergency plans, listen to weather warnings, and be ready with things like emergency kits. Also, we can help clean up around our neighborhoods to make sure water can flow away easily during floods. We can build canals and drainage ditches to help navigate the water away from homes and businesses.
What kinds of damage do hurricanes cause?
Flooding, beach erosion, debris from wiped out homes/structures, electrical outages and dangers, life loss.