Building Effective Arguments
Name and define the 3 persuasive appeals.
Pathos - emotion
Logos - logic
What does "effective" mean?
Successful in producing an intended result.
Identify the character archetype described below:
-motivated by evil
-opposite to the hero
Villain
Question: What literary device is being used when a character finds a broken mirror early in a story, hinting at bad luck later?
a) Flashback
b) Foreshadowing
c) Allusion
d) Allegory
B) Foreshadowing
What is the difference between simple, compound, and complex sentences?
Simple: 2 subjects
Compound: 2 subjects, 2 independent clauses, joined by semicolon OR comma with a fanboy
Complex: 2 subjects, independent AND dependent clauses, joined by a WABUB
Explain how, while different, persuasive appeals and rhetorical devices are connected.
Sentence: The meticulous artist spent hours perfecting every detail of her painting, making sure every stroke was flawless.
Question: Using context clues, what does the word meticulous most likely mean?
Detailed
Identify the character archetype defined below:
-usually the protagonist
-usually has good intentions
-may go on a mission
-has a flaw that may result in struggles
Tragic Hero
Question:
Which of the following sentences demonstrates alliteration?
a) "The faint flicker of a candle illuminated the dusty corner of the room."
b) "She spoke with a quiet confidence, her words measured and deliberate."
c) "The moon hung low over the horizon, casting its pale glow on the hills."
d) "Through the dense forest, he navigated cautiously, careful not to disturb the silence."
A
Identify the type of sentence, the mistake, and FIX the mistake.
I intended to go for a refreshing run to clear my mind and invigorate my body but a sudden and relentless downpour of rain forced me to reconsider my plans and remain indoors instead.
I intended to go for a refreshing run to clear my mind and invigorate my body, but a sudden and relentless downpour of rain forced me to reconsider my plans and remain indoors instead.
Compound sentence
Excerpt:
"As a mother of three, I understand the fear parents feel when their children walk to school alone. That’s why I urge you to support this new community safety initiative—to ensure every child can feel secure in their neighborhood."
Question:
What persuasive appeal and rhetorical device are used in this excerpt? Defend your answer.
Options:
a) Appeal to ethos; anecdote
b) Appeal to logos; statistics
c) Appeal to pathos; rhetorical question
d) Appeal to ethos; metaphor
A) Appeal to ethos; anecdote
Sentence: The politician’s speech was filled with ambiguities, leaving the audience confused about her actual stance on the issue.
Question: Based on the sentence, what does the word ambiguities most likely mean?
Unclear meanings
Identify the character archetype defined below:
-motivated by their work, oftentimes consumed by it
-visionary and wants to make
-artistic/talented
Creator
Question:
Which of the following excerpts best demonstrates personification, and why?
a) "The clock's ticking was a steady reminder of time slipping away."
b) "The forest whispered its secrets to those brave enough to listen."
c) "He moved through the room with the grace of a dancer."
d) "The storm was fierce, tearing through the town like an angry beast."
B) The author attributes the sounds of the forest with a clear form of human communication.
Identify the type of sentence, the mistake, and FIX the mistake.
Even though the relentless waves crashed violently against the rocky shore and the sky darkened with the threat of an impending storm the sailors navigated forward with unwavering resolve.
Even though the relentless waves crashed violently against the rocky shore and the sky darkened with the threat of an impending storm, the sailors navigated forward with unwavering resolve.
Complex
Excerpt:
"If we don’t act now, rising sea levels and devastating storms will become our new reality. Imagine your hometown submerged, your community displaced, your children asking why we didn’t stop it when we had the chance. This is not just an environmental issue; it’s a moral one."
Question:
What persuasive appeal and rhetorical device are used in this excerpt? Defend your answer.
Options:
a) Appeal to logos; logical imagery
b) Appeal to ethos; anecdote
c) Appeal to pathos; parallelism
d) Appeal to pathos; rhetorical question
c) Appeal to pathos; parallelism
Sentence: The scientist’s theory was met with derision by her peers, who scoffed at the idea and dismissed it as foolish without further investigation.
Question: Using the sentence, what does the word derision most likely mean?
Contempt or ridicule
Identify Lila's character archetype in the passage below:
Lila skipped barefoot through the meadow, her laughter ringing like wind chimes in the summer breeze. Her wide, unclouded eyes reflected the blue of the sky, and her cheeks flushed pink from the thrill of chasing butterflies. To Lila, the world was a place of wonder and kindness, untouched by darkness or deceit. Even when the villagers whispered of trouble on the horizon, she would smile and say, “But surely, things will work out. They always do, don’t they?” Her unwavering faith in the goodness of others made her a beacon of hope, though some thought her naivety a dangerous flaw.
Innocent
Answer the following:
1. What is a line break?
2. What is the paragraph of a poem called?
3. What is a rhyme scheme?
1. The last word of the line
2. Stanza
3. The pattern of rhyming like ABAB
Identify the type of sentence, the mistake, and FIX the mistake.
She had planned to spend the afternoon reading her favorite novel in the tranquility of the park the cacophony of nearby construction and the unrelenting heat drove her back home in search of solace and comfort.
She had planned to spend the afternoon reading her favorite novel in the tranquility of the park, but the cacophony of nearby construction and the unrelenting heat drove her back home in search of solace and comfort.
OR
She had planned to spend the afternoon reading her favorite novel in the tranquility of the park; the cacophony of nearby construction and the unrelenting heat drove her back home in search of solace and comfort.
Excerpt:
"If we allow this policy to pass, what’s next? Are we going to give up all our freedoms and live under a dictatorship? Supporting this law is the first step toward losing everything our country stands for."
Question:
What persuasive appeal and rhetorical device are used in this excerpt? Defend your answer.
Options:
a) Appeal to logos; rhetorical question
b) Appeal to ethos; rhetorical question
c) Appeal to ethos; anecdote
d) Appeal to pathos; fallacy
D) Appeal to pathos; fallacy
Sentence: The general’s perfunctory salute, devoid of enthusiasm or respect, left the soldiers feeling unappreciated and unmotivated.
Question: What does the word perfunctory most likely mean based on the sentence?
Routine and lacking sincerity
Identify Kai's character archetype in the passage below:
Kai leaned against the crumbling brick wall, a cigarette dangling loosely from his fingers as he watched the city’s authorities march by. His leather jacket bore the scrawled slogans of a dozen protests, and his knuckles were still raw from the last demonstration that had gotten out of hand. “They think they can control us with fear,” he muttered, smirking as he flipped open a lighter. “But they don’t realize we’ve got nothing to lose.” There was a fire in his eyes—not of destruction for its own sake, but of defiance against a world that demanded silence and conformity. To Kai, rules were meant to be questioned, and authority was a challenge he was born to confront.
Outlaw/Rebel
Question:
In the following excerpt, identify the metaphor and explain what message it conveys.
Excerpt:
"The city was a living organism, its streets pulsing with energy, its buildings standing like skeletal remains of a once-vivid dream, and its people moving through its veins as if driven by an unseen heartbeat."
city = living organism...symbolizing its dynamic and interconnectedness, along with an everchanging nature
Identify the type of sentence, the mistake, and FIX the mistake.
The hikers persevered with steadfast determination, intent on conquering the summit before the encroaching darkness enveloped the landscape despite; the ominous gray clouds that blanketed the sky and the gusts of wind whistling ominously through the branches.
The hikers persevered with steadfast determination, intent on conquering the summit before the encroaching darkness enveloped the landscape despite the ominous gray clouds that blanketed the sky and the gusts of wind whistling ominously through the branches.
Complex