Plate Tectonics
What can plate tectonics cause?
Earthquakes, Volcanic Activity
The rate of cooling of a magma or lava is reflected by the ________ of the rock.
texture
Hematite belongs to the _____ group.
Oxide
The inner core is composed of _______ and ________.
Iron and Nickel
A layer of loose, heterogeneous weathered material lying on top of the bedrock
Regolith
What are the three types of plate boundaries?
Convergent, Divergent, Strike-slip
A rock formed from the cementation of transported grains
Clastic sedimentary Rock
What kind of bond is formed when sodium and chloride combine to form halite?
Ionic
The upper mantle and crust make up what major tectonic feature of our planet?
lithosphere
Which of the following minerals is most stable at the Earth's surface?
Hematite
According to plate-tectonic theory where is new oceanic crust being formed?
mid-oceanic ridges or divergent margins
With time, sediment transported by glaciers ___________.
becomes smaller
What does streak refer to?
Streak is the color of powder derived from a mineral that has been dragged across a porcelain plate.
Lithosphere is destroyed at _____________________ _________.
convergent margins
As a rock breaks into smaller pieces, the surface area to volume ratio ______ .
increases
What kind of plate boundaries are found in Alaska?
Alaska has all three types of plate boundaries--convergent (subduction), strike-slip (transform), and divergent.
A Geologist suffers from a black eye after yelling "Gneiss!!!" to a classmate, who happened to be sunning on a large boulder. The geologist really meant to tell the classmate that the rock they were laying on _______________ .
is a high-grade, silicate-rich, mineralogically banded metamorphic rock
The hardest mineral is __________.
Diamond
The Mohorovicic discontinuity separates the __________ from the ___________.
mantle, crust
Which factors do increase the rate of weathering?
increasing rainfall, increasing temperature, increasing organic activity
Oceanic crust is on average how thick?
About 10 km
According to Bowen's reaction series, which of the following pairs of phases are likely to be incompatible?
quartz and olivine
What are the 5 requirements for a substance to be a mineral?
Solid
Inorganic
Occurs naturally
Has a chemical formula
Internal order
Which of the seven major lithospheric plates consists mostly of oceanic lithosphere?
Pacific
One expects talus cones to be most abundant in ________
in high mountains that have many days of sub-freezing temperatures