Political System
Which three emperors ruled China during the high Qing?
Kangxi, Yongzheng, Qianlong
What was the Kangxi emperor's attitude towards Western learning and Christianity?
The Kangxi emperor welcomed Western learning but not Christianity.
Did Nurhaci launch a war against the Ming or not? If yes, was it successful or not?
Yes & No
Were the Jurchens unified or not before the conquest of Nurhaci?
No!
Most of China's earliest urban centers located along which river?
The Yellow River.
What is the term used to describe the political system that selects officials based on their ability/performance?
Meritocracy.
Under which leader was the Manchu language created? The Manchu language used the script from which language?
Hong Taiji, Mongol
What was the name of the Rebellion that overthrown the Yuan Dynasty?
The Red Turban Rebellion
Who were the Manchus? What were their relations with the Jurchens?
Jurchens were renamed Manchus under the rule of Hong Taiji
Which dynasty was seen as a Golden Age of imperial China due to its highly-developed social economy?
The Song Dynasty
When was the Later Jin Dynasty? The Later Jin Dynasty was founded by which leader(s)?
1616 - 1636, Hong Taiji
During the (Late-)Song Dynasty
The Han Dynasty declined mainly because of the fight between which two groups?
Eunuchs and Royal Relatives
What was the banner system? How did the banner system strengthen the Jurchens?
The banner system was an administrative and military division of the Manchu people. The bannermen had close ties with each other and trained their military skills.
What was the most important effect of the Yongzheng Reforms' benefit?
Decreased corruption and increased the wealth of the nation
What was the Ming equivalent of the Grand Council of the Yongzheng court?
The Cabinet
What was the Qing rulers' attitude towards traditional Chinese culture and political systems? How were the Manchus sinicized?
What was the name of the battle that prevented Cao Cao from unifying China?
The Battle of the Red Cliffs.
How were the ethnic relations during the High Qing? (Which ethnic group enjoyed privileges? Which ethnic group was the majority?)
The Manchus enjoyed social privileges. The Han Chinese were the majority.
What were the 2 main causes of the prosperity during the high Qing?
Long-term peace & Introduction of American crops
Which Chinese dynasty used neither the imperial exam system nor feudalism?
The Yuan Dynasty
Name the five relationships of Confucianism
The relationships between: (1).Ruler and Subject; (2). Father and Son; (3). Husband and Wife; (4). Elder and Younger Sibling; (5). Friend and Friend
What were the positive and negative results of the military campaigns under the Qianlong emperor?
Positive: expanded China's territory
Negative: cost a huge amount of money and life
Name and rank late imperial China (Ming & Qing)'s four major social classes (Emperor and Slaves were not considered classes).
Scholar-Gentry
Peasants/Farmers
Artisans/Craftsmen
Merchants
How did the tributary system work economically?
Weaker tributary states paid tribute to China in exchange for much more valuable gifts.