Metabolism
This enzyme breaks the first fatty acid off of the triglyceride during the mobilization step of fat utilization.
What is ATGL?
This controls the inherent rate of the heart before nervous system input.
What is the SA node?
True/False: Endurance training increases the ventilatory equivalent for oxygen (VE/VO2) during submaximal exercise.
Calcium is stored here in the muscle cell.
What is the sarcoplasmic reticulum?
This hormone increases glucose entry into cells.
What is insulin?
An inhibitor that binds to the active site of the enzyme to reduce the rate of the reaction.
What is a competitive inhibitor?
The eventual increase in heart rate during prolonged, steady-state exercise can likely be attributed to this phenomenon.
What is cardiovascular drift?
True/False: Most improvements in aerobic exercise performance are due to greater lung volumes (total lung capacity and tidal volume) and a greater breathing frequency in trained individuals compared to untrained individuals.
What is False?
This protein acts as a molecular spring, providing additional tension to the sarcomere particularly during eccentric contractions.
What is titin?
A non-steroid hormone that is released by the posterior pituitary gland to promote fluid retention at the kidneys.
What is ADH?
The ATP yield from an NADH molecule entering the electron transport chain.
What is 2.5 ATP?
The greater offloading of oxygen from hemoglobin with an increase in temperature or decrease in pH.
What is the Bohr effect?
The act of forcefully exhaling against a closed glottis, which decreases venous return and may cause lightheadedness or fainting.
What is the Valsalva maneuver?
An elite middle-distance runner is most likely to have a high proportion of this muscle fiber type.
What is type IIa?
A steroid hormone that is produced by the adrenal glands in response to stimulation by ACTH.
What is cortisol?
A regulatory protein that stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis.
What is PGC1-alpha?
This law describes the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide from an area of high partial pressure to an area of low partial pressure.
What is Fick's Law of Diffusion?
Excess _______ is released from buffering of lactate accumulated as a result of increased glycolysis.
What is carbon dioxide?
What is a motor unit?
A steroid hormone which increases sodium retention in the kidneys.
What is sodium?
The active isoform of the enzyme that breaks down glycogen, stimulated by calcium activation.
What is glycogen phosphorylase a?
A higher value for this cardiovascular metric is typically indicative of better recovery and more parasympathetic nervous system activity.
What is heart rate variability?
This brain region is primarily responsible for respiratory control.
What is the medulla (or pons)?
This protein indirectly stimulates protein synthesis by inhibiting an inhibitor of mTOR, while also inhibiting FOXO, an activator of protein breakdown.
What is Akt?
With this type of assay, there is an inverse relationship between the observed signal and the concentration of the analyte of interest (such as a hormone).
What is a competitive assay?