Localisation of Function
The brain region responsible for primitive emotions like "fear".
What is the purpose of the amygdala?
Six stages of (typical) human visual perception.
What process is reception, transduction, transmission, selection, organisation and interpretation, part of?
This type of sensory memory holds auditory information for up to 3-4 seconds.
What is echoic memory?
In Pavlov's experiments, this is the stimulus that "naturally" triggers a response without prior learning.
What is the "unconditioned stimulus" (UCS)?
This perspective suggests that "gender" is based and influenced by genetics, hormonal differences and other physiological differences.
How do we think about "gender", through a biological lens?
The function of the parietal lobe.
What lobe is responsible for functions like: sensory perception (particularly touch/haptic perception) and spatial orientation?
This genetic condition can impact colour perception, resulting in difficulty distinguishing between certain colours i.e. red vs. green.
What is colour blindness?
These are the two types of explicit long-term memory, one related to personal experiences, the other to making meaning from facts/knowledge.
What are episodic and semantic memory?
The term to describe when a conditioned response is only triggered by the specific conditioned stimulus and not by stimuli that are very dissimilar?
What is stimulus discrimination?
This process occurs within the family and involves the transmission of norms, values, and beliefs from one generation to the next.
What is primary socialisation?
The sub-divisions of the "peripheral" nervous system.
What are the autonomic and somatic systems?
These cells in the retina are responsible for detecting light and colour.
What are photoreceptors (rods and cones).
This component of Baddeley and Hitch’s working model temporarily holds verbal and auditory information.
What is the phonological loop?
The ‘Little Albert’ experiment (Raynor and Watson).
What experiment involved conditioning a young boy to fear a white rat, and related white stimuli such as a Santa beard, to demonstrate the concept of "learned fear"?
This occurs when individuals change their behaviour to "fit in" with a group because they want to be "accepted".
What is "social identification"?
A physical and psychological effect of norepinephrine.
What neurotransmitter relates to racing heart rate/ increased blood pressure AND attention/focus/ alertness/ arousal?
The brain uses these principles to group visual elements into cohesive units.
What are Gestalt principles?
This brain structure is involved in forming and storing procedural memories, such how to play volleyball, netball or cricket?
What are one of the functions of the cerebellum?
This behaviour-shaping strategy involves removing an unpleasant stimulus to increase the likelihood of a (desired) behaviour happening again.
What is negative reinforcement?
This study examined how individuals' judgments can be influenced by the majority opinion in a group setting (even if the majority is "incorrect"), due to the use of misleading "confederates".
What is the Solomon and Asch conformity experiment?
The reflex process and neurons involved in child removing their hand from a hot stove.
When might: sensory neurons (skin) then interneurons (spine) then motor neurons (forearm) be used by our bodies, to create a "withdrawal reflex", to keep us safe?
The Deregowski (1972) study on the perception of 2D and 3D images by African populations.
What case study explored how different African tribes, with limited exposure to Western picture conventions, interpreted 3D images shown as 2D two dimensions, to draw conclusions about the impact of culture, on visual perception?
This type of memory retrieval involves bringing information back into awareness without hints, as if "off the top of your head"?
What is recall/ recollection?
This term refers to learning that occurs through observing and imitating/copying the behaviour of others (who are often "more experienced").
What is social/ behavioural "modelling"?
A more scientific phrase for describing the "rules and expectations for behaviour within a group, that influence the individual".